The Circulatory System Flashcards
Arteries are found in a bundle with veins and nerves called what?
neuromuscular bundle
How does an artery supply a territory?
through branches
What is it called if an artery splits into two terminal branches?
bifurcation
What sort of intraluminal pressure does an artery have?
high
What is an anastomosis?
connection between arteries where there is no capillary bed
What is a collateral?
an alternative route of blood flow
What is vasoconstriction?
contraction of smooth muscle
What is vasodilation?
relaxation of smooth muscle where lumen widens
What is tonus?
constant low level contraction of smooth muscle
The aorta has what type of walls?
elastic
The aorta carries what type of blood?
systemic arterial
Name the 4 parts of aorta from heart
ascending, arch, thoracic, abdominal
The ascending aorta has what 2 branches?
right and left coronary arteries
The arch of the aorta has what 3 branches?
brachiocephalic, left common carotid and left subclavian
The thoracic aorta has how many branches?
many
The abdominal aorta has how many paired and unpaired branches?
3 and 3
The brachiocephalic aorta splits into what two arteries?
common carotid to head and subclavian to arm
The subclavian artery leads on to be called what?
axillary and then brachial
The carotid bifurcates into what?
internal and external carotid
Glossopharyngeal nerve has what main function?
detects changes in arterial blood pressure
The internal carotid artery supplies what?
brain
Where is the circle of willis found on the brain?
inferior aspect
What does the blood brain barrier do and how?
stops diffusion of some molecules into brain. Astrocyte process surrounding brain capillaries
What are the two branches of thoracic aorta?
bilateral and anterior
