Muscles and Movement Flashcards
What is a muscle strain?
tear of muscle fibre
Give 2 examples of skeletal muscle
fusi form (biceps brachii) of circular (orbicularis oculi)
Name the 2 points of attachment of skeletal muscle to bone
insertion and origin
What does a tendon do?
joins muscle to bone
What is the name of a flattened tendon?
aponeurosis
Posterior fibres of deltoid do what?
extension
Middle fibres of deltoid do what?
abduction
Anterior fibres of deltoid do what?
flexion
A clinical examination of skeletal muscle tests what?
ability to move and power
What should be tested?
muscle itself and nerve supplying it
What are the 2 main reflexes involving skeletal muscle?
stretch reflex or flexion withdraw reflex
What are the stretch reflexes?
knee jerk, bicep jerk, tricep jerk, ankle jerk
3 main steps involve in deep tendon reflexes?
sensory nerve detects, moves along synapse in spine, motor nerve conducts contraction
How does stretch reflex differ from deep tendon?
last steps - there is a neuromuscular junction and descending controls from brain
What is muscle paralysis?
muscle without functioning motor cell
What is muscle spasticity
descending controls from brain do not work
What is atrophy?
muscle wastes and becomes smaller
What is hypertrophy?
skeletal muscles enlarge
Where is skeletal muscle found?
deep to deep fascia
What is compartment syndrome?
increased pressure caused by swelling of tissue or increase in fluid
Name the 3 origins of the deltoid
Spine, acromion process, lateral 1/3rd
Name the insertion of the deltoid
tuberosity of the humerus
