The Church Flashcards
What was the hierarchy of the church?
The pope-head if everyone
Bishops, archbishops, cardinals-advised kings on how to govern their people
Parish priests-baptised, married and burned people
Monks and nuns-worshipped privately and cared for sick and poor
Fiars-travelling monks who begged for food in each village
Medieval people - all went to church and did pilgrimages
How many archbishops did england have?
2, Archbishop of Canterbury and of York, Canterbury being most important
How did people try to cure disease?
By having priests pray on them or recommending a pay penance in form of money or prayer as people thought diseases were gods punishment
How did the church play a part in law?
Hears court cases for crime carried out on church land like theft or marriage of relatives
How did the church have a role on economics?
Collected a tithe which was a 10% tax people had to pay to the church
What were the various ways you could pay a tithe?
Money, seeds or equipment
What was the church’s role in politics?
Leading church members (archbishops, bishops, abbots and sometimes abbesses) were part of the Witan
Who were senior members of the witan?
Archbishops of Canterbury, York and Winchester
What was the churches role in education?
Only institution that produced books and were copied and illustrated by monks hands to make new ones
Monks also copied medical texts and other important works allowing the church to control what was published
How did the church play a part in religion?
- It ensured that people demonstrated their beliefs in god by going in church to go to heaven
- the church was a major landowner which peasants worked for free as they believed god may punish them for not working church land
Who was Lanfranc?
Archbishop of Canterbury appointed by William in 1070 once he gained full control over England
Why was lanfranc good chosen for his job?
- opened a school in Bec in 1045 that children all over Europe came from
- in 1039 he was master of the Cathedral school in Avvanches
- in 1066, was appointed first Abbot of Abbey of St-Etienne at Cean, Normandy
KEY TERM FOR SPECIFIC KNOWLEDGE
What was pluralism?
When a number if clergy held more than one position and was argued they couldn’t properly fulfil either role
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What was simony?
When positions in the church were often sold
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What was Nepotism?
When church positions were often given to relatives and friends instead of most suitable candidates
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What was lack of celibacy?
When many clergy were married so they went against the traditional vow of abstaining from sexual relations
What were some problems with the church?
Pluralism
Simony
Nepotism
Lack of celibacy
How many AS bishops were left by 1080?
Only one AS bishop left
What did the council of Winchester order and when?
In 1076, they ordered only church courts could try the clergy
What did the Normans change about members of the clergy?
They were not allowed to get married
Give some changes the Normans made to church architecture
They rebuilt churches and cathedrals including winchester, Rochester, Norwich,e.t.c, and favoured clean lines with simple yet impressive design
Give some changes the Normans made to church organisation
Each diocese (administrative area) was controlled by a Bishop
Give some changes Normans made to legal issues with the church?
- William insisted bishop odo be tried as earl of Kent so he’d go to the kings court
- every household has to pay a tax of 1pence to the pope as William adhered to the papal law
How did the Normans cause change to parish priests?
The number of priests rose but as most AS priests kept their jobs, peasant religious life did NOT change
