The Cell Cycle: Mitosis Flashcards
What does PMAT stand for?
Profase, Metaphase, Anaphase, and Telophase
What is the definition of the term Mitosis?
A process by which cells grow, duplicate, and divide
What are the three stages of the cell cycle?
Interphase, Mitosis, and Cytokinesis
What happens during interphase?
-The cell prepares for its division
-each chromosome is made up of two identical copies of DNA
What is a chromosome
A double stranded DNA molecule
What happens during Mitosis?
-The nucleus divides
-there are four stages (PMAT)
Prophase:
-the chromosomes which are duplicated during interphase condense and shorten
-membrane around nucleus begins to dissolve/disappear
-the mitotic spindle appears
Metaphase:
-the doubled chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell on the mitotic spindle
-membrane around nucleus is completely dissolved
Anaphase:
-the chromosome strands separate and move up opposite ends of the cell
-the two sets of chromosomes are identical and have exactly the same genetic information
Telophase:
-the separated chromosomes arrive at opposite sides of the cell
-the mitotic spindle disappears
-a new nucleur envelop begins to form around each set of chromosomes (forming two new nuclei)
What happens during Cytokinesis?
-cell membrane pinches to divide the nuclei, cytoplasm, and organelles to form two daughter cells
Overall Mitosis Process:
- Interphase
- Mitosis:
-prophase
-metaphase
-anaphase
-telophase - Cytokinesis
In prophase, what is the type of DNA called, and what does it look like?
Chromosome =
- two strands crossing to form an “x” with a point in the middle
In Metaphase, what is the type of DNA called, and what does it look like?
Sister Chromatids =
-two strands crossing to form an “x” BUT NOT TOUCHING!
In Telophase, what is the type of DNA called, and what does it look like?
Chromatid =
-two strands in a straight line that are not touching
