The cell cycle

Question 1

what is dna stored as

Answer 1

chromatin

Question 2

when the cell is preparing to divide chromatin will…

Answer 2

fold into chromosome

Question 3

what is a gene

Answer 3

a segment of a chromosome

Question 4

why do cells need to reproduce? (2 answers)

Answer 4

to make more cells when an organism grows and to replace old and damaged cells

Question 5

when organisms grow, do their individual cells get bigger or does the number of cells increase?

Answer 5

number of cells increase

Question 6

how long do colon, skin, blood, white blood cells live for

Answer 6

colon cell: few days
skin cell: few weeks
blood cells: few months
white blood cells: more than a year

Question 7

which cell is reproduced by the cell cycle

Answer 7

eukaryotic cells

Question 8

what are the stages of cell division, list them in order

Answer 8

cell growth and preparation
cell replication
continued growth and preparation
mitosis
cytokinesis

Question 9

what does growth preparation do in the cell cycle

Answer 9

the cell increases in size and makes more proteins and molecules

Question 10

the cell cycle has how many stages and phases? name them

Answer 10

phase: cell preparation and growth, cell division
stages: mitosis, cytokines,interphase

cell preparation and growth: interphase

cell division: mitosis and cytokines

Question 11

name mitosis stages

Answer 11

PROPHASE
METAPHASE
ANAPHASE
TELOPHASE

Question 12

what is the nucleous

Answer 12

the centre of the nucleus and provide assemble to ribosome cells

Question 13

what are spindle fibers

Answer 13

tube like structure made of protein

Question 14

what happens during prophase

Answer 14

spindle fibers connect to centromere and centrioles

Question 15

what happens during metaphase

Answer 15

chromosomes line up at the centre of the cell

Question 16

what happens during anaphase

Answer 16

spindle fibers pull sister chromatids to opposite poles of the cell

Question 17

what happens during telophase

Answer 17

spindle fibers disappear and nuclear membrane forms, nucleous reappears in each nucleus and the cell is ready to split into two

Question 18

explain cytokinesis

Answer 18

last stage
plant cell: a cell plate forms in the middle of the cell to divide
animal cell: the cell membrane pinches together to divide

Question 19

what is checkpoints

Answer 19

When activities during the cell cycle are, monitored and controlled at specific stages that special
And they report back to the nucleus once a nucleus receives information. It will instruct the cell to divide or not.

Question 20

why won’t the cells divide

Answer 20

because there’s not enough nutrients to support the cell growth DNA within the nucleus has not been replicated or the DNA damaged

Question 21

what is cancer caused by?

Answer 21

Uncontrolled cell growth that is not managed by not functioning checkpoints

Question 22

how many layers do normal cells grow and how do they know when to stop dividing?

Answer 22

A normal healthy cells is one layer in the cells know when to divide when the neighbouring cells receives message

Question 23

How many layers do cancer cells have? And how do you know when to stop dividing?

Answer 23

Cancer cells do not respond to nearby cells in begin to grow in control reforming multiple layers, that form tumours

Question 24

what happens during the interphase?

Answer 24

longest stage, dna in the form of chromatin cell grows in size and replication of dna then forms into chromosome