The Cell - Chapter 4 - College Biology

Question 1

3 aspects of cell theory

Answer 1

cells are the basic unit of life
all living organisms are made of cells
cells come from cells

Question 2

why are cells small?

Answer 2

easier to transport
takes longer for things to diffuse in and out of the cell is large

Question 3

what do all cells have? (4)

Answer 3

Plasma membrane, cytoplasm, ribosomes, and DNA

Question 4

cell wall of prokaryotes made out of?

Answer 4

peptidoglycan

Question 5

What does ER produce?

Answer 5

lipids

Question 6

what helps cell move?

Answer 6

flagella or cilia

Question 7

what allows things to come in and out of cell?

Answer 7

plasma membrane

Question 8

stuff in cell that is semi fluid

Answer 8

cytoplasm

Question 9

what makes ribosomes?

Answer 9

nucleuiods

Question 10

what makes ATP?

Answer 10

mitochondria

Question 11

explain endosymbiotic theory

Answer 11

Cholorplasts and mitochondria were their own thing, bigger cell comes and fuse them together them.

Question 12

inside the mitochondrira, what are the folds called?

Answer 12

citrae, more folds mean more surface area and ATP

Question 13

what is in a plant cell that isn’t in an animal cell?

Answer 13

chloroplast, cell wall, large central vacuole

Question 14

junction in plant cells called?

Answer 14

plasmodesmata, helps with communication between cells

Question 15

3 junctions in animal cells

Answer 15

tight junctions, (keeps water from leaking out, hydrated)
gap junctions (communication) and desmosodes (anchors the cells together)

Question 16

advantages of small cell? big cell?

Answer 16

1) easier for substances to get through plasma membrane
2) more effecient processes

Question 17

what do scientists use to distinguish individual components cells?

Answer 17

special stains

Question 18

peripheral membrane protein were synthesized in the lumen of ER, would it end up on the inside or outside

Answer 18

outside, vesicle passes Golgi and fuses with the plasma membrane

Question 19

prokaryote and example

Answer 19

single celled organisms (E.coli)

Question 20

eukaryote and example

Answer 20

multicellular organisms (animals)

Question 21

what part of bacterial cell do you think antibiotics target?

Answer 21

cell wall, contains pepticloglycan

Question 22

why are all microbes not harmful?

Answer 22

some help digest food and absorb nutrientspe

Question 23

peroxiomes got their name because H202 is

Answer 23

produced during their oxidation reactions

Question 24

process which cell engulfs foreign particle

Answer 24

phagocytosis

Question 25

the greatest concentration of smooth ER

Answer 25

a cell that makes steriods hormones

Question 26

is the nuclear membrane part of the endomembrane system

Answer 26

yes, functions in distinct domains of ER

Question 27

3 features both prokaryotes and eukaryotes have in common

Answer 27

ribosomes, cell size, and cell arrangement

Question 28

2 ways prokaryotes and eukaryotes are different

Answer 28

stuctural and molecule variation

Question 29

main functions of cellular matrix

Answer 29

helps cells to attach, communicate with nearby cells

Question 30

in what other cells of the body would you find ribosomes in great abundance?

Answer 30

cells in the pancreas, secreat enzymes needed for digestion

Question 31

what is the flagella and cilia used for?

Answer 31

flagella - move entire cell
cilia - move water/substances relative to the cell

Question 32

why is the plasma membrane a bi-layer instead of a mono layer?

Answer 32

if monolayer, hydrophobic tails of phospholipids in direct contact with inside of cell