Metabolism - Chapter 6 - College Biology

Question 1

biogenetics

Answer 1

the study of energy flow through a living system

Question 2

metabolism

Answer 2

refers to all chemical reactions of a cell or organism

Question 3

metabolic pathway

Answer 3

series of biochemical reactions that converts one or more substrates into a final product

Question 4

anabolic

Answer 4

require energy and synthesize larger molecules

Question 5

is photosynthesis an anabolic or catabolic pathway?

Answer 5

anabolic, builds sugars out of smaller molecules

Question 6

catabolic

Answer 6

release energy and break down large molecules into smaller molecules

Question 7

kinetic energy

Answer 7

objects in motion

Question 8

potential energy

Answer 8

objects that have the potential to move

Question 9

activation energy

Answer 9

energy required for a reaction to proceed

Question 10

energy is stored long-term in the bonds of __ and used short-term to perform work from a(n) __ molecule

Answer 10

glucose and ATP

Question 11

parts of an ATP molecule

Answer 11

three phosphate groups, ribose sugar, and adenosine base

Question 12

when ATP is hydrolyzed into ADP + P what has occured?

Answer 12

hydrolysis, release of energy essential for many cellular processes, powers active transport (Na and K pump)

Question 13

when ATP is made from ADP+P what has occured?

Answer 13

dehydration synthesis and stores energy in cell, made in mitochondria during oxidative phosphorylation

Question 14

which of the 4 biological molecules is ATP/ enzymes?

Answer 14

nucleic acids and proteins

Question 15

energy released by the hydrolysis of ATP is

Answer 15

providing energy to coupled reactions

Question 16

which of the following molecules is likely to have the most potential energy?

Answer 16

sucrose

Question 17

which of the following is not true about enzymes?

Answer 17

they increase ^G of reactions

Question 18

enzymes are a specific type of catalysts that do what?

Answer 18

speed up reactions by lowering the required activation energy

Question 19

explain how enzymes are able to lower the activation energy for chemical reactions in a cell

Answer 19

reducing energy needed for reactants to come together

Question 19

when you denature a protein, what has happened to its structure?

Answer 19

loses it’s 3d shape and activity plus function

Question 20

what are 2 different conditions that could denature proteins?

Answer 20

heat and ph changes

Question 21

what would happened to an enzyme protein if it was denatured?

Answer 21

leads to loss of active site, catalytic activity decreses or stops

Question 22

what is the reaction used to break off a phosphate group?

Answer 22

hydrolysis

Question 23

enzyme inhibition

Answer 23

process of decreasing enzyme activity