Metabolism - Chapter 6 - College Biology Flashcards
biogenetics
the study of energy flow through a living system
metabolism
refers to all chemical reactions of a cell or organism
metabolic pathway
series of biochemical reactions that converts one or more substrates into a final product
anabolic
require energy and synthesize larger molecules
is photosynthesis an anabolic or catabolic pathway?
anabolic, builds sugars out of smaller molecules
catabolic
release energy and break down large molecules into smaller molecules
kinetic energy
objects in motion
potential energy
objects that have the potential to move
activation energy
energy required for a reaction to proceed
energy is stored long-term in the bonds of __ and used short-term to perform work from a(n) __ molecule
glucose and ATP
parts of an ATP molecule
three phosphate groups, ribose sugar, and adenosine base
when ATP is hydrolyzed into ADP + P what has occured?
hydrolysis, release of energy essential for many cellular processes, powers active transport (Na and K pump)
when ATP is made from ADP+P what has occured?
dehydration synthesis and stores energy in cell, made in mitochondria during oxidative phosphorylation
which of the 4 biological molecules is ATP/ enzymes?
nucleic acids and proteins
energy released by the hydrolysis of ATP is
providing energy to coupled reactions
which of the following molecules is likely to have the most potential energy?
sucrose
which of the following is not true about enzymes?
they increase ^G of reactions
enzymes are a specific type of catalysts that do what?
speed up reactions by lowering the required activation energy
explain how enzymes are able to lower the activation energy for chemical reactions in a cell
reducing energy needed for reactants to come together
when you denature a protein, what has happened to its structure?
loses it’s 3d shape and activity plus function
what are 2 different conditions that could denature proteins?
heat and ph changes
what would happened to an enzyme protein if it was denatured?
leads to loss of active site, catalytic activity decreses or stops
what is the reaction used to break off a phosphate group?
hydrolysis
enzyme inhibition
process of decreasing enzyme activity