the cell & basic chemistry Flashcards
what are elements?
substances that cannot be broken down into simpler substances
who created the atomic theory and what is it?
John Dalton in the early 1800’s, he proposed that elements consisted of tiny particles called atoms
describe the charges of neutrons, protons, and electrons
neutrons are neutral, protons are positive, electrons are negative
what’s a carbon atom composed of
6 neutrons, 6 protons, 6 electrons
what releases radiation
decay of isotopes
what shell dictates the chemical properties of the element
the outer most shell (valence shell)
molecule
when two or more of the same type of atoms bond together
compound
a molecule containing atoms of at least two different elements
ionic bonding
transfer of one electron from one atom to another creating a stable valence electron
what determines the structure of compounds and energy release
electrons and their bonds
covalent bond
when atoms share electrons to complete an octet valence electron shell
cohesion
ability for water molecules to bind to themselves
adhesion
ability for water to cling to other polar surfaces
what happens when water ionizes
it releases an equal number of hydrogen ions (H+) and hydroxide ions (OH-)
whats an acid
substance that dissociates in water and releases hydrogen ions (H+)
