The cell

Question 1

How are Prokaryotic cells different from Eukaryotic cells?

Answer 1

They are the simplest cells of organisms

Question 2

How are Eukaryotic cell different from prokaryotic cells?

Answer 2

they are more complex cells containing different compartments with specialized functions

Question 3

What do cells consist of?

Answer 3

An enclosing PLASMA MEMBRANE, an inner CYTOPLASM with numerous organelles, and other cellular structures

Question 4

Unlike Prokaryotic, Eukaryotic cells have…

Answer 4

A membrane-bound nucleus, a central cavity surrounded by membrane that houses the cell’s genetic material

Question 5

What is the fluid portion of a cell called?

Answer 5

the Cytosol

Question 6

What is the Endoplasmic Reticulum primarily responsible for?

Answer 6

Synthesizing proteins, processing them, and producing lipids

Question 7

What does the Nucleus consist of?

Answer 7

Fluid Karyoplasm, Chromatic (containing DNA) and the Nucleolus

Question 8

What is one of the major structures in the cell?

Answer 8

the Nucleus (genetic center)

Question 9

What does the cytoskeleton consist of?

Answer 9

microtubules, intermediate filaments, and microfilaments

Question 10

What is the Cytoskeleton involved in?

Answer 10

maintaining cell shape, fixing organelles, and directing some cellular activity

Question 11

What is the Mitochondria?

Answer 11

the energy producing structures of the cell

Question 12

What is the function of the Golgi apparatus?

Answer 12

assembles complex biomolecules and transports them out of the cell

Question 13

How are proteins made in the cell?

Answer 13

By ribosomes

Question 14

Ribosomes found by themselves are called?

Answer 14

Free ribosome

Question 15

Ribosomes attached to rough endoplasmic reticulum are called?

Answer 15

Bound ribosomes

Question 16

What does the Smooth endoplasmic reticulum do?

Answer 16

Manufactures lipids and helps in breaking down toxic materials in the cell

Question 17

What does the Rough endoplasmic reticulum do?

Answer 17

It makes the cell’s membranes

Question 18

What are the other structures in the cell called?

Answer 18

Vesicles

Question 19

What is the function of Phagocytic vesicles?

Answer 19

Ingest material into the cell

Question 20

What do Lysosomes contain?

Answer 20

Digestive enzymes

Question 21

What is the function of Peroxisomes?

Answer 21

Degrade hydrogen peroxide in the cell

Question 22

What are Centrioles?

Answer 22

Microtubules grouped together

Question 23

What are Centrioles involved in?

Answer 23

Cell divison

Question 24

What is the function of the Plasma membrane?

Answer 24

Acts in transport of substances into or out of the cell

Question 25

What does the Cytoplasm consist of?

Answer 25

Fluid cytosol containing dissolved solutes, inclusions (stored nutrients, pigment granules), and organelles

Question 26

What is the function of the Nucleoli?

Answer 26

Site ribosome subunit manufactures

Question 27

What is the function of the Chloroplast?

Answer 27

Performs photosynthesis

Question 28

What is the function of the cell wall?

Answer 28

Provides structural support, protection, selective barrier, cell growth, transport, and sometimes store carbohydrates in plant growth

Question 29

What is the function of the Plasmodesmata?

Answer 29

Act as a channel in which molecules can be transported in and out of the plant cells

Question 30

What is the function of the Central Vacuole?

Answer 30

Stores salts, minerals, nutrients, proteins, pigments and helps in plant growth

Question 31

Proteins found on the outside of the membrane are called?

Answer 31

Peripheral proteins

Question 32

Proteins that pass through the membrane are called?

Answer 32

Integral proteins

Question 33

What are attached to proteins on the cell membrane?

Answer 33

Carbohydrate chains