The Cardiovascular System

Question 1

What is the structure of the circulatory system

Answer 1

The heart and blood vessels make up the structure of the heart

• Arteries - carry blood rich in oxygen away from the heart
• Capillaries - the site of waste and nutrient exchange between the blood cells and the blood
• Veins carry blood low on oxygen to the heart

Question 2

What are factors that affect the heart rate

Answer 2

1. Gender
2. Temperature
3. Body position
4. Everyday actions

Question 3

What are the two effects of exercise

Answer 3

The two effects of exercise are Acute and chronic

Question 4

Acute effects

Answer 4

This takes place at the start of the exercise.

1. Increases heart rate
2. Increases stroke volume
3. Increases cardiac output

Question 5

Chronic effects

Answer 5

Take place after long periods of training

1. Creates larger and stronger heart that is more efficient
2. Higher resting stroke volume
3. Lower heart rate

Question 6

How much blood do males and females have

Answer 6

Males have an average of 5 - 6 litres of blood
Females have an average of 4 - 5 litres of blood

Question 7

Functions of blood

Answer 7

1. Thermoregulation
2. Protection from dehydration
3. Transportation of gases, minerals and fuels
4. Removal of wastes

Question 8

Blood Composition

Answer 8

55% Plasma
90% water, 7% proteins, 3% other

45% Blood cells
99% red blood cells, 1% white blood cells

Question 9

Structure and information about the heart

Answer 9

• The heart is the size of an adult fist
• At rest the heart pumps blood at 60 to 70 bpm
• Our heart rate is roughly 220 - age
• Blood vessels supply blood to the working parts of our bodies and this network is made up of arteries, capillaries and veins