The Cardiac Cycle Flashcards
What is the first stage of the cardiac cycle?
Late diastole
What is the second stage of the cardiac cycle?
Atrial systole
What is the third stage of the cardiac cycle?
Isovolumic ventricular contraction
What is the fourth stage of the cardiac cycle?
Ventricular ejection
What is the last stage of the cardiac cycle?
Isovolumic ventricular relaxation
What is diastolic pressure?
the blood pressure when the atria are empty and filling
What is systolic pressure?
The blood pressure when the ventricles are full and emptying
What is the ejection fraction?
The percentage of blood leaving the heart after each contraction
What is the ratio for ejection fraction?
Systolic volume/ End diastolic volume
What is the stroke volume?
The difference between the end systolic volume and the end diastolic volume
What is the end diastolic volume?
The volume of blood at the end of the ventricle filling
What is the end systolic volume?
The volume of blood at the end of the ventricle contracting
What is diastole?
The part of the cardiac cycle when the heart fills with blood
What is systole?
The part of the cardiac cycle when the ventricles contract
What is the normal divide between systole and diastole?
systole 1/3
diastole 2/3
What is the pressure that forces the blood around the body?
The mean arterial pressure
What is a phonocardiogram?
A recording of the sounds of the heart
What are the two normal sounds heard on the phonocardiogram?
Mitral and tricuspid valves closing
Aortic and pulmonary valves closing
Why is a murmur seen on a phonocardiogram?
Stenosis of aortic/pulmonary or regurgitation through mitral/tricuspid valves
Why is a murmur through the diastolic phase seen on a phonocardiogram?
Stenosis of mitral/tricuspid valves or regurgitation through aortic/pulmonary
Why is a a constant sound behind the two normal sounds seen on a phonocardiogram?
Because of a septal defect
What is a septal defect?
One of the holes in the heart doesn’t close
