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Cardiovascular > ECG > Flashcards

ECG Flashcards

1
Q

What does ECG stand for?

A

Electrocardiogram

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2
Q

Where are the standard limb leads positioned?

A

Lead 1 - left arm with respect to right
Lead 2 - left leg with respect to right arm
Lead 3 - left leg with respect to left arm

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3
Q

How does a wave of depolarisation appear on a graph?

A

An upwards going blip

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4
Q

What causes a P wave?

A

Atrial depolarisation - contraction

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5
Q

What causes the QRS complex?

A

Ventricular depolarisation - contraction

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6
Q

What causes a T wave?

A

Ventricular repolarisation - relaxation

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7
Q

What does the PR interval show?

A

The time from atrial depolarisation to ventricular depolarisation

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8
Q

How long is a normal PR interval?

A

0.1 - 0.2 seconds

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9
Q

What does QRS show?

A

The time for the whole of the ventricle to depolarise

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10
Q

How long is QRS normally?

A

0.08 seconds

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11
Q

What does the QT interval show?

A

The length of time that the ventricles where depolarised for

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12
Q

How long is a normal QT interval?

A

0.42 seconds at 60 bmp

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13
Q

Why is the T-wave positive going?

A

Because the wave of depolarisations runs in the opposite way from the wave of depolarisation, away from the recording electrode

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14
Q

What happens to the readings when the heart when it is rotated right or left?

A

Axis deviation

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15
Q

What is the benefit of augmented limb leads?

A

It gives 3 other perspectives on events in the heart

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16
Q

What is the benefits of precordial or chest leads?

A

They let you look at the same events but in the transverse plane

17
Q

What do the limb leads show?

A

The spread of depolarisation and depolarisation from 6 angles

18
Q

What does the rhythm strip show?

A

Heart rate and can show any abnormalities

19
Q

What is a STEMI?

A

ST elevated myocardial infarction

20
Q

What is a NSTEMI?

A

Non-ST elevated myocardial infarction

21
Q

What is ST elevation used for?

A

To classify the severity of a heart attack

Cardiovascular (34 decks)

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