The Break with Rome Flashcards
1
Q
Catherine
Anne
A
- Dispensation
- 1527 Henry seeks divorce
- 6 failed pregnancies (1517 was last)
- Mary 1516
- Henry Fitzroy 1519 (Duke of Richmond 1525)
- Leviticus (no children)
- Refused to be mistress
- Introduced Erastianism to Henry
2
Q
Hopes for Divorce
A
- Hope Catherine would retire silently to nunnery
- Wolsey as Legate
- Leviticus
- 1532 Francis gives support
- Paris and Bologna said H had basis (8 european unis)
3
Q
Inhibiters of Divorce
A
- Theologians Cranmer and Lee outgunned by Cajetan and Fisher
- 7 books defending from Fisher
- Abell’s “Invicta Veritas” defended marriage (imprisoned and later executed 1540)
- Deuteronomy claimed brothers duty
- Overturning would undermine papal authority
- Charles V and sack of Rome (1527)
4
Q
Wolsey
A
- Failed swift divorce (lost H and Anne support)
- Suffolk and Norfolk dislike power
- Norfolk and Catherine disliked divorce
- 1529 More replaces as Chancellor
- Anticlerical acts passed aimed at him
- 1530 treason charges
5
Q
Early Reformation Parliament (Role in Religion)
A
- Parliament for tax (never religion)
- 1529-32 saw acts of attainder against Wolsey and debate over church vices
- 1534 act made Convocation need assent for religious policy (Supremacy Act)
6
Q
The Supplication Against the Ordinaries
A
- 1532 petition driven by Cromwell (grievances against church)
- H commands convocation must resolve grievances (one of which is…)
- 1532 Convocation surrender right to pass canon law without assent (1 bishop opposed)
7
Q
Cromwell
Cranmer
A
- Driver of supremacy or loyal executor?
- As an MP drove The Supplication Against the Ordinaries
- Cranmer found precedent of bishops right to annul marriage
- 1532 Warham dead (lowly Cranmer appointed 1533)
- Reform minded (White Horse group) and pro-divorce
- Made distinction between personal belief and Henry’s policy (comfortable condemning those he shared views with if H wanted)
8
Q
The Act in Restraint of Appeals
A
- 1533
- Legal cases to be settled in England and not Rome
- Annulment from Cranmer came in May
- Attempted to be presented as claiming of ancient rights and not stealing new ones (wanted to avoid excommunication)
9
Q
The Succession Act of…
A
- 1534
- Barred Mary and made Anne legitimate
- Oath required from all (More refused so imprisoned and later executed 1535)
10
Q
The Dispensation Act of…
A
- 1534
- Stopped all payments to Rome
11
Q
The Act of Supremacy
A
- 1534
- Gave the 1531 Submission of the Clergy legal force
- Henry reaffirmed as Head
12
Q
Act for First Fruits and Tenths
A
- 1534
- These payments go to Crown rather than Church
- First Fruits = First years profits of clerical positions
- Tenths = 1/10 of clerical profit
- Valor Ecclesiasticus commissioned to assess wealth
13
Q
The Treason Act of…
A
- 1534
- Treason to deny Supremacy
- Treason extended to spoken as well as action
14
Q
Supporting Supremacy
A
- Foxe’s “De Vera Differentia” 1534 is first literature defending Supremacy
- Gardiner’s “De Vera Obedientia” 1535 support as well
- 1535 Cromwell instructs bishops to preach Supremacy (organises visits to enforce)
- Henry needed reformers to support him (moderates like Shaxton, Latimer and Foxe made bishops)
- 1536 Cranmer starts campaign against Rome, images and purgatory
15
Q
Opposition to Supremacy
A
- Commons offer £200,000 to return to Catherine (Imperial Antwerp trade fears)
- Fears supremacy would make H financially independent (no need to commons)
- Monk Peto fled in 1532 after preaching against divorce
- Monks Payne and Hayfield preached in favour of Pope in 1534 (denied all when arrested)
- 32 Franciscan monks died in prison (refusal to take Succession oath) 1534
- 18 Carthusian monks executed (refusal to take Supremacy oath) from 1535-1540
