The brain and their function

Question 1

The brain is protected by 3 structures

Answer 1

1. Skull
2. Cerebrospinal fluid
3. Meninges ( 3 layers of tissue)

Question 2

Cerebellum

Answer 2

• the word translates to “ little brain”
• Located at the base of the brain
• Responsible for muscle coordination, balance

Question 3

Cerebrum

Answer 3

Locattion: Above cerrebellum
The outer layer is called the cerebral cortex

Divided into two hemispheres
- each hemisphere is divided into 4 lobes

Function:
the outer cerebral cortex is where all conscious thought and higher-order thinking occur.

Question 4

Left and right hemispheres

and cortexes

Question 5

Frontal lobe

Answer 5

LARGEST of the four lobes

Functions:
- problem-solving
- planning
- decision making
- expression of emotion
- Personality
- Production of speech

It contains the Primary Motor cortex- which initiates voluntary movement.

Question 6

Parietal Lobe

Answer 6

Location: Upper back half of the brain

Functions:
- processing sensory information
- Spatial awareness
- Direction

Contains the Primary Somatosensory Cortex
- receives and processes info about, touch, temp, and position of muscles

Question 7

Occipital lobe

Answer 7

Location: very back of the brain
- almost all of this brain area is dedicated to VISION

Contains the primary visual cortex
- The left lobe receives info from the right visual field
- The right lobe receives info from the left visual field

Question 8

Temporal Lobe

Answer 8

Location: next to ears
- contains areas responsible for hearing & language comprehension ( Wernicke’s area)

Contains primary Auditory Cortex

Roles in recognising
- Faces
- Places
- Songs
- paintings

Question 9

primary motor cortex

Answer 9

• Anititaes movement
• In Frontal Lobe
• sends signals to motor neurons in the spinal cord
• Maps motor control for different body parts, known as the motor homunculus

Question 10

primary Somatosensory cortex

Answer 10

Located: Parietal lobe
- processes sensory info from the body such as:
- Touch, temp, pain, and position of muscles
- Receives signals from sensory receptors throughout the body via the thalamus.

Question 11

Broca’s area

Answer 11

Location: LEFT frontal lobe

Responsible
- for coordinating the movement of the muscles required for the PRODUCTION of speech ( speaking)

• Crucial role in the production of FLUENT speech ( speech that flows)

Question 12

Wernicke’s area

Answer 12

Location: LEFT temporal lobe
- responsible for COMPREHENSION of speech
- interoperates the sound of human speech
- Crucial for making our speech coherent ( Speech makes sense)

Question 13

Pons

Answer 13

Location: Second lowest section of the brainstem
- The largest part of the brainstem

• A group of nerves that function as a connection between the cerebrum and the cerebellum
  ( pons is Latin for bridge)

Role in regulating:
- speech
- sleep cycles

Question 14

Brain stem

Answer 14

Regulates survival function
- heart beat
- blood pressure
- breathing rates

Question 15

Thalamus

Answer 15

sensory data arrives here
- then relayed to specific areas of the somatosensory cortex

Question 16

Amygdala

Answer 16

Location: Deep within temporal lobes

• associated with the emotions of Fear and Anger
• key role in emotional response
• processing and consolidating memory
• hormone secretions

Question 17

hippocampus

Answer 17

Responsible for:
- making new memories
- direction/ navigater

Question 18

Hypothalamus

Answer 18

• regulating body temp
• appetite
• thirst
• hormones ( including growth hormones)

Question 19

Lable all the lobes of the brain

Question 20

Pineal gland

Answer 20

• controls internal body clock
• regulates sleep- wake cycle
• releases melatonin ( sleep hormone)