The Brain and Cranial Nerves Flashcards
What is considered the higher brain, and account for 60% of the entire brain mass?
The Cerebrum
What is the cerebrum responsible for?
Higher mental processes, such as thoughts and intentions
What is on the outside of the cerebrum?
The cerebral cortex - Grey Matter
What is underneath the Grey Matter?
White Matter is on the inside
What divides the right from the left cerebral hemisphere?
The longitudinal fissure
What are the lines called that you can see in the brain?
a sulcus
What are the raised ridges that you can see in the brain?
a gyrus
What separates the parietal lobe from the frontal lobe?
The Central Sulcus
Functions of the frontal lobe:
controls voluntary skeletal muscles, has an area for concentration, and responsible for complex problem solving
Functions of the parietal lobe:
sensory areas responsible for temperature, touch, pressure, anything recepted from the skin, helps us understand speech, and the ability for us to use words to express thoughts and feelings
Functions of the occipital lobe:
for vision, combining visual and sensory experiences
Functions of the temporal lobe:
governs hearing, memory of a visual scene, helps us process music and other complex sensory patterns
Describe the Split-Brain function:
Right hemisphere governs the left hemisphere. The left hemisphere governs right hemisphere.
If you’re a right-brain oriented person, you’re good at:
Music, arts and the imagination
If you’re a left-brain oriented person, you’re good at:
Numerical skills, computational skill and logic
Where is the Diencephalon located in the brain?
underneath the cerebrum
2 parts of the Diencephalon:
1) Thalamus
2) Hypothalamus
Functions of the Thalamus:
A relay station for sensory information that is on its way to the cerebral cortex. Precisely identifies and localizes a sense in the body. Influences one’s body movement when one fearful or angry.
Functions of the Hypothalamus:
Temperature, hunger and thirst regulation center. Controls and integrates the autonomic nervous system. Figures out wether a problem should be responded with the nervous system or the endocrine system.
Function of the Midbrain:
Connects the lower and upper brain. Helps keep track of objects that move.
The Pons has areas specifically for:
respiration, sleep, muscle tone and coordination
Medulla Oblongata 3 vital reflux centers:
1) Cardiac Center: influences heart rate
2) Vasomotor Center: influences blood vessel diameter
3) Inspiratory Center: paces breathing in and out during sneezing, coughing, vomiting, and swallowing
Functions of the Cerebellum:
Plays a role in proprioception, equilibrium balance, has the ability to monitor intentions, keeps track of body positions and works with antagonistic (coordinating) muscle pairing.
Things that protect the brain:
1) The Skull (cranial bone)
2) Meninges: Dura mater, Arachnoid mater, pia mater
3) Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) in the subarachnoid space
