The Autonomic Nervous System

Question 1

In the autonomic NS, the effector organ is usually:

Answer 1

Smooth muscle, cardiac muscles and glands

Question 2

In the ANS, is the regulation conscious or unconscious?

Answer 2

Unconscious regulation

Question 3

Which neurotransmitters are in the ANS?

Answer 3

In the preganglionic, ACh.

In the postganglionic, ACh, or NorEpi

Question 4

In the ANS, which ganglia neurons are myelinated?

Answer 4

Pre is myelinated, post is unmyelinated

Question 5

In the parasympathetic NS, is the preganglionic neuron long or short?

Answer 5

Long

And the post ganglionic is short

Question 6

In the Sympathetic NS, the preganglionic neurons are:

Answer 6

Short

Postganglionic neurons are long

Question 7

Collateral ganglia:

Answer 7

Close to spinal cord, for sympathetic NS.

Question 8

Where is the terminal ganglia located and which Nervous System does it belong to?

Answer 8

At or within the effector organ, and in the Parasympathetic NS

Question 9

Sympathetic NS and Parasympathetic NS have the same effector organs?

Answer 9

Yes, and this is called dual innervation

Question 10

In the parasympathetic NS, how many postganglionic neurons can it have?

Answer 10

One or two

Question 11

In the sympathetic NS, how many postganglionic neurons can it have?

Answer 11

Up to 20

Question 12

Which neurotransmitter is not long lived in the parasympathetic NS?

Answer 12

ACh

Question 13

Which neurotransmitter is long lived in the sympathetic NS?

Answer 13

NorEpi

Question 14

Which neurotransmitter is in the preganglionic neuron for both the sympathetic and parasympathetic neurons?

Answer 14

ACh

Question 15

For postganglionic neurons, which neurotransmitters are in the parasympathetic and sympathetic?

Answer 15

Para: ACh

Sym: NorEpi

Question 16

Cholinergic vs Adrenergic:

All ganglionic neurons are cholenergic except which one?

Answer 16

Postganglionic neurons of the sympathetic neurons, called adrenergic, because it releases NorEpi

Question 17

Barorecepters:

Answer 17

Located in the carotid artery in the neck. Sends signals that blood pressure is too high into the CNS that it is too high, or if it is too low. So if we need to decrease the heart rate, so a parasympathetic response is needed. If we need to increase the heart rate, a sympathetic response is needed.

Question 18

Energy expenditure in the sympathetic NS:

Answer 18

Dump a bunch of energy to stop something from happening, like digestion at certain times. Good for survival mode.

Question 19

Energy in the Parasympathetic NS:

Answer 19

Energy is Restored or conserved