Nervous Tissue and Neuroglia

Question 1

Sensation function of the nervous system:

Answer 1

Input to the system. Ability to sense something internally or externally via receptors.

Question 2

Integration function of the nervous system:

Answer 2

filtering component of prioritization and ignoring, and sending the most important info first.

Question 3

Response function of the nervous system:

Answer 3

the mediation of the appropriate response; the most important answer

Question 4

CNS contains:

Answer 4

the brain and the spinal cord

Question 5

Peripheral Nervous System:

Answer 5

everything that extends off of the CNS
1) cranial nerves
2) spinal nerves
These make up the entire PNS

Question 6

Afferent NS:

Answer 6

sensory nerves, contain receptors that go right to the CNS

Question 7

Efferent NS:

Answer 7

motor nerves, coming from the CNS to effector organs (muscles)
info that travels back out

Question 8

2 parts of the Efferent NS

Answer 8

1) Somatic NS

2) Autonomic NS

Question 9

Somatic NS:

Answer 9

responsible for Conscious Movement. Voluntary. Uses skeletal muscles.

Question 10

What neurotransmitter is used in the somatic NS?

Answer 10

Acetylcholine (ACh)

Question 11

Autonomic NS:

Answer 11

responsible for unconscious movement. deals with smooth and cardiac muscles and glands.

Question 12

What neurotransmitters are used in the autonomic NS?

Answer 12

ACh and Norepinephrine (NorEpi)

Question 13

Two branches of the Autonomic NS:

Answer 13

1) Parasympathetic

2) Sympathetic

Question 14

Parasympathetic NS:

Answer 14

The rest and digest nervous system. Decreases things…. like heart rate. However, concerning digestive organs, it increases.

Question 15

Sympathetic NS:

Answer 15

The fight or flight nervous system. Increases things… like heart rate. However concerning the digestive organs, it decreases secretion and stuff.

Question 16

What are the basic structural and functional unit of the NS?

Answer 16

Neurons

Question 17

Neurons are Amitotic. True or False.

Answer 17

True. They’re unable to perform mitosis. They don’t reproduce, because they last forever.

Question 18

What are the supportive tissues for the neurons called?

Answer 18

Neuroglia

Question 19

Dendrites concerning sensory info:

Answer 19

bring information into cell body.

Question 20

Responsibility of each dendrite are greater when there are a greater amount of dendrites in a particular area?

Answer 20

No. More dendrites, the less responsibility each dendrite has. There are a lot of dendrites in your upper lip, less in your lower back.

Question 21

Axons concerning motor info:

Answer 21

carry info out

Question 22

3 classifications of neurons:

Answer 22

1) Sensory or Afferent Neurons
2) Interneurons or Association Neurons
3) Motor or Efferent Neurons

Question 23

Sensory or Afferent Neurons:

Answer 23

Part of the PNS and bring info into the CNS

Question 24

Interneurons or Association Neurons:

Answer 24

involved in the integration of info and connect sensory neurons to motor neurons

Question 25

Motor or Efferent Neurons:

Answer 25

Bring info from CNS to effector organ

Question 26

6 types of Neuroglia:

Answer 26

1) Astrocytes
2) Ependymal cells
3) Microglial Cells
4) Oligodendrocytes
5) Neurolemmocytes
6) Satellite Cells

Question 27

What do neuroglial cells do?

Answer 27

They provide the environment for an action potential to take place and never perform an action potential.

Question 28

Astrocytes:

Answer 28

They have cytoplasmic extensions that come off of them and wrap capillaries, forming lining and coverings, and keep the extracellular fluid constant.

Question 29

Ependymal cells:

Answer 29

Line the ventricles of the brain, and line the central canal of the spinal cord.

Question 30

2 types of ependymal cells:

Answer 30

1) ciliated ependymal cells: moves cerebrospinal fluid

2) non-ciliated ependymal cells: produces and secretes cerebrospinal fluid

Question 31

Microglial cells:

Answer 31

small cells that become phagocytic and clean up neurotic tissue deposit - dead neurons

Question 32

Oligodendrocytes:

Answer 32

Located in the CNS. Wrap a FEW adjacent axons.

Question 33

Neurolymmocytes:

Answer 33

Located in the PNS. Wrap only ONE axon.

Question 34

Satellite cells:

Answer 34

Support neurons located in ganglia of the PNS. They insulate so that the potential or electrical signal stays in the axon.

Question 35

What are ganglia?

Answer 35

a cluster of nerve cell bodies