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Anatomy II > The Brain > Flashcards

The Brain Flashcards

1
Q

What is the frontal lobe responsible for?

A

Primary motor activity, behavior, speech production, emotional changes (flatness)– relating to behavior

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2
Q

What is the parietal lobe responsible for?

A

Primary somatosensory and proprioception; association of somatosensory, vision, audition; formation of egocentric space and sense of self.

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3
Q

What is the temporal lobe responsible for?

A

Audition, olfaction, memory

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4
Q

What is the occipital lobe responsible for?

A

Vision

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5
Q

What is the end of the spinal cord called?

A

Conus medullaris

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6
Q

Which part of the spinal cord are the sensory nerve tracts?

A

Dorsal horns

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7
Q

Which part of the spinal cord are the motor neurons?

A

Ventral horns

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8
Q

What 3 structures make up the brainstem?

A

Midbrain, Pons, and Medulla oblongata

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9
Q

What is the medulla oblongata responsible for?

A

Respiration, cardiac center, vasomotor center, reflex centers for vomiting, swallowing, coughing, sneezing

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10
Q

What are the corticospinal tracts?

A

Pyramids

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11
Q

Where are the pyramids?

A

Medulla oblongata

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12
Q

What is the decussation of the pyramids?

A

Where motor fibers from the left hemisphere cross to the right and vice versa.

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13
Q

What CN nuclei are in the medulla oblongata?

A

CN IX, X, XI, XII (glossopharyngeal, vagus, accessory, and hypoglossal)

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14
Q

What does the name “pons” mean?

A

Bridge

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15
Q

What does the pons contain?

A

Fiber tracts connecting the medulla and cerebellum with upper portions of the brain

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16
Q

What is the pons responsible for?

A

Respiratory centers that work with the medulla

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17
Q

What CN nuclei are in the pons?

A

CN V (motor), VI, VII, and part of VIII (trigeminal, Abducens, facial, vestibulocochlear)

18
Q

Where is the substantia nigra located?

A

midbrain

19
Q

What does the midbrain contain?

A

cerebral pundlecles; connecting tracts from pons to cerebellum

20
Q

What is the Substantia Nigra?

A

Dopamine producing regions

21
Q

What is the Corpora quadrigemina?

A

The masses that make up the superior and inferior colliculi.

22
Q

where is the Corpora quadrigemina?

A

Midbrain

23
Q

What CN nuclei are in the midbrain?

A

CN III, IV, V (sensory) (oculomotor, trochlear, trigeminal)

24
Q

What ventricular structure passes through the midbrain?

A

Cerebral aqueduct

25
Q

What ventricular structure is located in the medulla?

A

Part of the 4th ventricle

26
Q

What is the cerebellum responsible for?

A

balance/posture, learning of motions, cognitive functions, motor coordination

27
Q

What will damage to the cerebellum result in?

A

lack of coordination in gait, speech, etc

28
Q

What are the hemispheres of the cerebrum connected by?

A

The corpus callosum

29
Q

What is the cerebral cortex responsible for?

A

sensorimotor integration and perceptive qualities of our experiences

30
Q

What is a gyrus?

A

convolution of cortex

31
Q

what is a sulcus?

A

gap between the gyri

32
Q

What is the longitudinal fissure?

A

divides the brain into the right and left hemispheres

33
Q

What is the Lateral (Sylvian) sulcus?

A

separates temporal lobes from the frontal lobes

34
Q

What is the central sulcus?

A

Separates frontal lobe from the parietal lobes

35
Q

Where is the sensory homunculus represented?

A

postcentral gyrus of the parietal lobe

36
Q

Where is the motor homonculus represented?

A

on the pre central gyrus of the frontal lobe

37
Q

What is received by the thalamus?

A

all sensory stimuli, except olfactory

38
Q

What happens to the sensory stimuli from the thalamus?

A

integrated and relayed through thalamocortical radiations to specific cortical areas

39
Q

What comprises the walls and floors of the third ventricle?

A

The hypothalamus

40
Q

What is the hypothalamus chief region for?

A

integration of the autonomic nervous system

41
Q

What does the hypothalamus do?

A

Regulates water balance, body temperature, and thirst

42
Q

What antidiuretic hormone is produced in the hypothalamus?

A

Oxytocin

Anatomy II (5 decks)

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