The Brain Flashcards
what is the space in brain made up of
- white and greay matter
what ions bind to receptors on the receiving neurone
- sodium, potassium, calcium ions
what surrounds the axon, and what does it contain
- myelin sheath
- nodes of ranvier
whats released into the synaptic gap
- neurotransmitters
what happens when neurotransmitters are released into synaptic cleft
- ion channel opens, neurotransmitters attatch at receptor binding site
- channels are specific to different ions
why is a neurin described as lock and key
each neuron releases only 1-2 types of neurotransmitter
what is acetylcholines major function
muscular movement and memory
what is noradrenalines major function
learning, memory, wakefulness and eating
what is serotonins major function
mood, sleep, eating and arousal and pleasure and pain
what is dopamine’s major function
voluntary movement, emotional arousal, learning, memory and experiencing pleasure or pain
what is GABA’s major function
inhibitory transmitter in motor system
what are endorphin’s major functions
inhibits transmission of pain impulses
what are glutamate’s major functions
involved in most aspects of brain function
what are examples of serotonin as drugs
psychedelic drugs, antidepressants
what are examples of dopamine as drugs
psychomotor stimulants (cocaine), anti- psychotics
what are examples of GABA as drugs
anti-anxiety effects
whats an example of glutamate as a drug
Ketamine
what does vascular damage of brain consist of
- disruption to blood flow to brain due to:
- stroke
- partial blockage (ischemia)
- enlarged artery (aneurysm)
what does a tumor do to brain and what is it described as
- neoplasm
mass of tissue with no psychological function - grows and disrupsts normal functioning
- can destroy neurons
what are the different types of tumours (3 types)
- gliomas- beging with abnormal glial cells
- Meningiomas- originates in meninges, surrounding brain
- Merastic originate elsewhere in body, but invade bloodstream going to brain
whats a degenerative disease with examples
- breakdown of neurological material
- alzheimers
- parkinsons
- korsakoffs
is EEG invaive or not and what does it do
- non- invasive
- measures magneitc fields produced by the brain’s electrical activity
is PET scan invasive or not and what does it do
- measures glucose metabolism
- non invasive
what is PET scan helpful for identifying cancer
- cancer thrives on glucose