the brain

Question 1

3 major parts of the brain

Answer 1

cerebrum, cerebellum, and brain stem

Question 2

Cerebrum portion of the brain

Answer 2

the main part of the brain, divided into 4 lobes, controlling conscious functions:

Question 3

4 lobes of the cerebrum

Answer 3

frontal, parietal, temporal and occipital lobes

Question 4

frontal lobe of the cerebrum

Answer 4

speech, reasoning, touch

Question 5

parietal lobe of the cerebrum

Answer 5

speech, taste, reading

Question 6

temporal lobe of the cerebrum

Answer 6

hearing, smell

Question 7

occipital lobe of the cerebrum

Answer 7

vision

Question 8

cerebellum portion of the brain

Answer 8

: Controls body movement

Question 9

brain stem

Answer 9

The lowest part of the brain that connects the brain to the spinal cord, sending nerve impulses between the two. It also controls unconscious functions, including the heart rate and breathing.

Question 10

o Medulla oblongata

Answer 10

Contains cardiac, vasomotor, and respiratory control centers

Question 11

o Pons

Answer 11

(Helps regulate rhythm of breathing)

Question 12

o Midbrain

Answer 12

(involuntary responses) and relays information from spine to upper brain

Question 13

the diencephalon is comprised of two parts

Answer 13

thalamus and the hypothalamus

Question 14

Thalamus

Answer 14

Gateway for sensory impulses ascending to cerebral cortex
Receives all sensory impulses (except for sense of smell)
Channels impulses to appropriate part of cerebral cortex for interpretation

Question 15

Hypothalamus

Answer 15

Maintains homeostasis by regulating visceral activities, such as heart rate, blood pressure, body temperature, water and electrolyte balance, hunger, body weight, movement and glandular secretion in digestive tract, sleep and wakefulness, pituitary gland function
Medulla oblongata, pons, and midbrain (involuntary responses) and relays information from spine to upper brain

Question 16

meninges

Answer 16

are the three coverings around the brain & spine and help cushion, protect, and nourish the brain and spinal cord.

Question 17

• dura mater (tough mother) is

Answer 17

the most outer layer, very tough

Question 18

• arachnoid mater (spider mother)

Answer 18

is the middle layer and adheres to the dura mater and has
Web-like attachments to the innermost layer, the pia mater

Question 19

• pia mater

Answer 19

is very thin, transparent, but tough, and covers the entire brain, following it into all its crevices (sulci) and spinal cord

Question 20

• cerebrospinal fluid, which buffers, nourishes, and detoxifies the brain and spinal cord, flows between the

Answer 20

arachnoid mater and the pia mater

Question 21

where is cerebral spinal fluid made

Answer 21

• CSF is produced in 4 ventricles, interconnected cavities within cerebral hemispheres, and brainstem

Question 22

gyri

Answer 22

: Ridges or convolutions

Question 23

sulci

Answer 23

Shallow grooves in surface; example: Central sulcus

Question 24

white matter is

Answer 24

myelinated axons

Question 25

myelinated axons

Answer 25

largely composed of axons, serves to transmit signals to other regions of the brain, spinal cord, and body.

Question 26

gray matter

Answer 26

largely functions to receive information and regulate outgoing information, as it contains the cell bodies of neurons.

Question 27

examples of dominant hemisphere controls

Answer 27

Language skills of speech, writing, reading, Verbal, analytical, and computational skills

Question 28

examples of non dominant hemisphere controls

Answer 28

Nonverbal tasks, Motor tasks involving orientation in space, Understanding and interpreting musical and visual patterns, Provides emotional and intuitive thought processes

Question 29

types of eye movements when the body is lacking sleep

Answer 29

non rapid and rapid eye movements

Question 30

non rapid eye movements

Answer 30

Person is tired, Restful and dreamless, Reduced blood pressure and respiratory rate, Alternates with REM sleep

Question 31

rapid eye movement

Answer 31

Heart and respiratory rates irregular, Dreaming occurs

Question 32

how many cranial nerves are there

Answer 32

12

Question 33

how many spinal nerves are there

Answer 33

31

Question 34

Somatic Nervous System (voluntary)

Answer 34

Relays information from skin, sense organs & skeletal muscles to CNS and Brings responses back to skeletal muscles for voluntary responses

Question 35

Autonomic Nervous System (involuntary)

Answer 35

Regulates bodies involuntary responses, Relays information to internal organs, Two divisions

Question 36

Sympathetic nervous system – in times of stress

Answer 36

Emergency response, Fight or flight

Question 37

Parasympathetic nervous system

Answer 37

when body is at rest or with normal functions

Question 38

parasympathetic nervous system conditions

Answer 38

contracts pupils, stimulates salivation, contracts the bronchi, slows heart beat, facilitates digestion

Question 39

sympathetic nervous system

Answer 39

dilates pupils, inhibits salivation, accelerates heart beat, relaxes bronchi,