The Bony Pelvis Flashcards
Where are the pelvic inlet and outlet?
What is the false pelvis?
The space between the pelvic inlet and the iliac crest, contains abdominal viscera
What is the true pelvis?
The space between the pelvic inlet and outlet, where the pelvic viscera is located
Forces that go through the hip joint can be […] x one’s body weight.
300
What are some of the differences between men and women in the architecture of the pelvis?
The pelvis is designed to disperse […]
Force
What are the 3 main functions of the pelvis?
1) Site of muscle attachment
2) Distribution and transmission of forces
3) Support pelvic viscera
With what does the pelvis articulate?
L5 and sacrum
Sacroiliac joint
Sacrococcygeal Joint
Pubic symphysis
What is the true conjugate?
Line from sacral promentory to pelvic symphysis. Used as a measure to determine if vaginal delivery is an option for pregnant women (i.e. if the child will fit thorugh the birth canal of the mother).
How is the pelvis oriented in a person?
Anteriorly rotated about 50 degrees. This is important because the weight of the organs and contents of the pelvic viscera does not lie on the muscles/fascia of the pelvic floor but instead on the bony support of the ischium and pubis bones. This anterior pelvic tilt also positions the sacrum to articulate with the lumbar spine so that the lumbar spine can maintain its lordotic curve.
What is the type of joint between L5 and the sacrum? What ligament contributes significantly to the stabiity of this joint?
Symphysis joint
Anterior longitudinal ligament
What type of joint is the sacroilliac joint?
Anterior = synovial plane joint between auricular surface of sarcum and ilium
Posterior = syndesmosis with interosseous ligament conneting sacral and ilial tuberosities
What movements are possible at the SI joint?
Nutation - promontory of sacrum moves anteriorly, coccyx moves posteriorly
Counternutation - promontory of sacrum moves posteriorly, coccyx moves anteriorly
These movements occur most frequently with defecation and childbirth
Why are there more ACL injuries in female athlete?
The acetabulum of females has more anteversion, which changes the orientation of the distal femur in the knee joint. Increased femoral anteversion leads to increased basal hip internal rotation and valgus knee alignment upon landing and is considered a risk factor for anterior cruciate ligament injury.
What movement of the SI joint is occuring during walking?
Rotational nutation and counternutation
Why is it important to know the movements at the SI joint?
Because the SI joint is often part of the differential diagnosis for lower back pain
What are the 3 ligaments that provide static support to the SI joint?
What type of joint is the pubic symphysis?
What movements are possible?
Secondary cartilaginous symphysis
Slight gliding
The […] ligaments separates the greater and lesser sciatic foramens.
Sacrotuberous and sacrospinal
What structures pass thorugh the greater sciatic foramen?
Piriformis
Superior gluteal nerve and artery
Inferior gluteal nerve and artery
Sciatic nerve
Posterior cutaneous nerve
Spinal nerve for quadratus femoris
Spinal nerve for obturator internus
Pudendal artery
Pudendal nerve
The superior gluteal nerve and artery exit the greater sciatic foramen […] to the piriformis
Superior
The inferior gluteal nerve and artery exit the greater sciatic foramen […] to the piriformis
Inferior
Which 3 structures enter the posterior thigh via the greater sciatic foramen and then re-enter the pelvis via the lesser sciatic foramen?
Pudendal artery
Pudendal nerve
Spinal nerve for obturator internus
What structures pass thorugh the lesser sciatic foramen?
Pudendal artery
Pudendal nerve
Spinal nerve for obturator internus
Tendon of obturator internus
- What type of joint is the hip?
- What movements are allowed here?
- A synovial joint of the ball and socket type between the head of the femur and the acetabulum
- Flexion, extension, ABduction, ADduction, internal rotation, external rotation, circumduction
What is the angle of inclination of the hip?
What is a normal range for this angle?
Angle between femoral neck and shaft in frontal plane
125 - 130 degrees
What is coxa valgus?
Hip angle of inclincation is greater than 130 degrees. This leads to pushing out of the distal femur in the knee joint, so the knees are more lateral and are called bowed legs.
What is coxa varus?
When the angle of inclination is less than 125 degrees. This would cause the distal condyles of the femur to be more medial than is normal, so the person will be knock kneed.
What is femoral anteversion and retroversion?
What are the clinical consequences of this action?
Anteversion - the head of the femur is rotated more anteriorly, causing greater trochanter to be positioned more posteriorly. People compensate by “toeing in” (i.e. babies).
Retroversion - the opposite.
