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Russian History > The Bolsheviks In Power (5) > Flashcards

The Bolsheviks In Power (5) Flashcards

1
Q

When was the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk?

A

March 1918

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2
Q

When was the Cheka created?

A

December 1917

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3
Q

When was War Communism?

A

1918-1921

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4
Q

When were the Bolsheviks named the Communist Party?

A

March 1919

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5
Q

How could Lenin be described throughout the problems facing the Bolsheviks?

A

Pragmatic

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6
Q

What does pragmatic mean?

A

An approach in which policies are modified according to circumstance rather than keeping with a fixed theory

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7
Q

What were the two main features of Soviet Russia’s Government in 1924?

A

Sovnarkom

the Secretariat

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8
Q

What was the transitional stage between a bourgeois to a proletarian economy known as?

A

State capitalism

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9
Q

What had the war meant for Russia? (4 examples)

A

It had brought it to a point of economic collapse

  1. Shortage of raw materials
  2. Transport system had been crippled
  3. Hunger- 13mt of grain short
  4. Inflation
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10
Q

What was the “Decree on Land?”

A

Gave approval to that had been happening in the countryside

Private ownership of land was to be abolished, and it was to be given to the peasants

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11
Q

What was the “Decree on Workers control?

A

Authorising what had already occurred, when workers took over factories

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12
Q

What was Vesenkha?

A

The Supreme Council of the National Economy

it was a body to oversee economic development

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13
Q

What was the Cheka?

A

The Bolshevik Secret Police

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14
Q

Why was the Constituent Assembly dismissed?

A

The results of the November election were bad for the Bolsheviks

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15
Q

How did Lenin and Trotsky have a different attitude to war?

A

Lenin wanted an immediate peace

Trotsky wanted a delay

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16
Q

Who were the Reds in the CW?

A

The Bolsheviks and their supporters

17
Q

Who were the Whites in CW?

A

Bolshevik opponents, such as those who had supported the Tsarist regime

18
Q

Who were the Greens in the CW?

A

The armies mainly made up by national minorities

19
Q

Why is it thought Lenin wanted a Civil War?

A

If the Bolsheviks won, it would wipe out all Bolshevik opponents, both military and political

20
Q

How did Lenin feel about CW?

A

A short, brutal struggle would be better than years of harassment by anti-Bolsheviks

21
Q

What were the White Weaknesses in the CW?

6

A
  1. White armies fought separately
  2. Not bound by a single aim
  3. Unwilling to sacrifice individual interests so could be picked off separately
  4. Too widely spread geographically
  5. Too reliant on supplies from abroad
  6. Lacked a strong leader like Trotsky
22
Q

What were the Red Strengths in the CW?

4

A
  1. Remained in control of the central area of Russia, which they could defend by maintaining transport and supply lines
  2. Kept hold of Petrograd and Moscow which were the administrative centres of Russia
  3. Held the key industrial areas where they created weapons
  4. The Red Army was brilliantly led by Trotsky
23
Q

What were Trotsky’s 3 main strategies in CW?

A
  1. Defend the Red Army’s internal lines of communication
  2. Deny the Whites the opportunity to unite into one large force
  3. Prevent the Whites from maintaining regular supplies
24
Q

What were the two main ideas in Red propaganda?

A
  1. Show how vicious and cruel the Whites were

2. Showed the idea of an ideal Bolshevik live vs the return to Tsarist regime

25
Q

What did Trotsky believe was the other main factor to his troops winning?

A

Then having a high morale

26
Q

Why did the foreign interventions contribute to the war?

4

A
  1. Resentment at Russia for withdrawing from the war
  2. Fear of Bolshevikism
  3. Anger at the Bolsheviks for writing off the Russian debt
  4. To support the Whites
27
Q

Who were the foreign interventions?

Name 5

A 
Britain 
France
USA
Japan
Italy
28
Q

Why did the interventions fail?

4

A
  1. Lack of co-ordination
  2. Interventionists has just come out of war with Germany, and had no ambition for another fight
  3. Very limited objectives
  4. Not a concerted effort to bring down the Bolsheviks

Russian History (7 decks)

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