The 1905 Revolution And Its Aftermath (2) Flashcards
What sparked the 1905 revolution?
Bloody Sunday
When was Bloody Sunday?
22nd January 1905
When was the Potemkin mutiny?
June 1905
When were the fundamental laws issued?
1906
When was the first duma?
1906
When were Stolypin’s years as Chief Minister?
1906-11
When was the second duma?
1907
When was the third duma?
1907-12
When did Stolypin die? How?
1911
Assassinated
When was the Lena Goldfields incident?
1912
When was the fourth duma?
1912-14
When did Germany enter war with Russia?
1914
Which 3 groups were involved in the 1905 revolution?
The industrial workers
The peasantry
The reformist middle class
What led to the 1905 revolution?
Ill -judged policies
Who led the peaceful march of workers and their families on Bloody Sunday?
Father Georgi Gapon, an orthodox priest
What was the intention of Bloody Sunday?
To present a petition to the Tsar, begging him to use his royal petition and authority to relieve the desperate conditions
What actually happened on the Bloody Sunday march?
The marchers were fired on and charged by cavalry
How many died during the march?
Around 200, with hundreds more injured
How was Bloody Sunday used by opponents of the Tsar?
Deliberate massacre of unarmed petitioners
What did Bloody Sunday damage?
The image of the Tsar being seen as the “Little Father” of the Russian people
What did Gapon cry during the chaos?
“There is no God any longer. There is no Tsar.”
What followed after Bloody Sunday?
Strikes in all major cities and towns
Public buildings were attacked
Large private estates were seized by the peasants
What motived the peasants to rebel against the Tsar?
Fear that the government was about to repossess the homes of families who had failed to pay off mortgages
What did the non-Russian minorities do during the unrest?
Georgia declared itself an independent state
The Poles demanded autonomy
Jews pressed for equal rights
Who formed the Union of Unions?
The Kadets, led by Milyukov
When was the Union of Unions formed?
May 1905
What was the Union of Unions?
Aims to organise a broad-based alliance of peasants and factory workers
Where and who was involved in the Potemkin mutiny?
The crew of Battleship Potemkin of the Black Sea Naval Squadron
Why did the sailors mutiny?
They were having to eat rotting food and drink foul water, including borsch and maggot-infested meat
What caused the soldiers to mutiny?
The allows elected a representative, Vakulenchuk, to approach the captain with their complaints
He was shot
So the crew attacked the officers, killed several men and took over the ship
Why did the mutiny fail?
Other ships in the squadron did not join in and their captains managed to maintain control
Where did the crew of Battleship Potemkin look for support?
On the land, so they sailed to the port of Odessa
Why did the crew sail to Odessa?
It was where an anti-government strike was taking place
How were the crews treated at Odessa?
Like heroes, and the body of Vakulenchuk was formally honoured and dressed with flowers
What was the result of the people of Odessa supporting the crew?
It was a defiant gesture of solidarity
Enraged the authorities
What did the government do because of the mutiny?
Troops were ordered to disperse the crowds
They trampled the people in front of them and drove hundreds into the sea