The body plan Flashcards
What are the two categories that the different body systems fall into?
Generalized and localized
Generalized
- need them everywhere in the body all the time
- musculoskeletal
- cardiovascular
- lymphatic
- nervous
- integument
Localized
Just in specific locations
- digestive
- respiratory
- endocrine
- urinary
- reproductive
What is systemic anatomy?
To observe and deduce function and dysfunction and hence identify which systems are affected
To prepare for clinical examination, surgery, and routine procedures including injection and biopsy is called what?
Regional anatomy
What are the major structures of the cardiovascular system?
Aorta Carotid artery Jugular vein Heart Cranial vena cava - caudaully now Caudal vena cava Portal vein : collects from small intestines
What does the diaphragm do?
Divides the thorax and abdomen
Respiratory system parts
Confined to the head, neck and thorax region - trachea Lungs Heart Diaphragm
Digestive system
Teeth/tongue = mastication Esophagus Stomach Intestines Liver
Excretory system
Bladder
Kidneys
*males are external mostly while females are internal
Lymphatic system
Generalised
Lymph nodes = everywhere
Spleen
Endocrine system
-thryoid glands
Endocrine: because they are specialized to excrete specific things in the blood
Whereas all other cells are considered exocrine because they excrete into tubes
What are the components of the nervous system?
Brain + spinal chord = CNS
Peripheral nerves and Ganglia = PNS
Autonomic nerves - sympathetic (fast reaction interaction follows blood vessels) and parasympathetic
Peripheral nerves: include autonomic and somatic nerves
Musculoskeletal system
Bones Also major ligaments such as: Nuchal ligament: not in carnivores though would make their necks too flexible for catching prey Supraspinous ligament Sacrosciatic ligament Collateral ligament
Integumentary system
Skin, hair, glands, pads, claws, nasal plate
