The Body And Drugs Flashcards
Pharmacodynamics
Study of how drugs produce their effects on desired cells and how a drug is processed by the body
Drug receptors can be compared to a
Lock
Location where a drug will exert its desired effect
Site of action
Mechanism of action (MOA)
Explains how a drug works and produces its desired effect on the body
Receptor site
Where the drug binds to the cell
Agonist
Specific type of dug that produces a certain and predicted action
Antagonist
Drug that does not produce any noticeable or desirable effects of its own, but blocks other chemicals from attaching to a receptor cell
Desired effect
Body’s response to a drug /intended response to a med
Dose response curve
Indicates the body’s response to a drug is directly related to the amount of the drug taken
Ceiling
Maximal response the body as to a drug
ED50
The measurement of the specific amount that is needed to achieve 50% of the maximal response
Half-life
Time required for plasma serum concentration levels of an absorbed and distributed drug to decrease by one half
Half life is written as
T1/2
Time response curve
Length of time in which a specific drug will continue to have same degree of effects
Pharmacokinetics
Study of time course of a drug and its metabolites in the body following drug administration by any route
Pharmacokinetics
Study of drug movement throughout the body
Absorption
Process by which the drug is moved from its site of administration into the blood steam
Intravenous
Type of drug administration that bypasses some of the aspects of absorption
Distribution
Process that the drug is moved from the blood stream to the body tissue or receptors
Passive diffusion
Movement of a substance across a cell membrane
Facilitated diffusion
A carrier protein permits specific molecules to pass though certain parts of the cell
Pinocytosis
The cell engulfs the substance and permits the substance to enter the cell
More lipid soluble drug is the more. , the drug will be absorbed into a cell
Quickly
Clearance
Time it takes a drug to be eliminated from the body
Addiction
Pattern of compulsive substance abuse characterized by a continued psychological and physiological crabbing or need for the substance and its effects
Characteristics of addiction
Absorbed focus, painful withdrawal, damaging consequences
Number of Americans addicted to alcohol
14 million
Number of deaths associated with alcohol per year
100,000
Excessive alcohol drinking while taking warfarin can cause
Blood clots
Occasional alcohol drinking while taking warfarin can cause
Internal bleeding
Treatments for alcoholism
Disulfiram, acamprosate calcium, naltrexone
Drug treatments for smoking cessation
Bupropion, verenicline, nicotine polaerilex
Bioavailability
Degree to which a drug becomes available to tissues after administration
Metabolites
Any substance produced by the metabolic process
Excretion
Process by which drugs are eliminated from the body
A drug that is designed to produce an action rather than stop an action
Agonist
Drug works by blocking he action of a receptor
Antagonist
Potency is the measure meant of the ___ of the drug that is required to have a specific effect on the body
Strength
Chemicals that do not readily cross the cell membrane barrier
Ionized
Metabolism
Bio transformation
A drug that binds directly to cell membranes and is not absorbed by the body in any way
Metamucil
Facilitated diffusion
Type of drug transportation into the cell that does not require the cell to expand energy
When a chemical bind with a ______, it is stimulated to either produce or inhibit a specific action
Receptor
First pass process
Process which the liver begins the absorption of an oral medication
Maximal drug response to a drug reaches the ceiling, it can be toxic especially to
Liver and kidneys
Absorption
Process of movement of the drug from the circulatory system across airier membranes to the site of a drug action
Elimination
Process that results in removal of drug from the body and the discontinuation of the drug action
Metabolism
Biochemical process involving transformation of active drugs to a compound that can be easily eliminated or inactive drugs to active drugs
1 ml = gtt
120
5tbsp =. ml
25ml
120mg =. gr
0.120 gr
0.5 gr =. mg
500mg
10g =. mcg
10,000,000
8oz =. ml
236ml
44kg =. Lbs
96.8lbs
1pt =. Cc
473.17cc
2c =. Oz
16oz
1.5l =. Cc
1,500 cc
15tsp =. Oz
2.5oz
Target cell
Large number of cells all of which are similar to each other
Albumins and globulins
Proteins that help with transporting chemicals though the blood
Alcohol is a
Depressant
