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EARTH SCIENCE > The Biogeochemical Cycles > Flashcards

The Biogeochemical Cycles Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Earth’s subsystems consist of several compounds like WATER, NITROGEN, CARBON, AND OXYGEN, which ARE essential to sustain life.

A

TRUE

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2
Q

Interaction of organisms allow RECYCLING of H2O, N, C, AND O. This makes the earth a self-regulating system.

A

TRUE

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3
Q

What is biogeochemical cycles?

A

The complete path an element or a compound takes
through the four subsystems of Earth

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4
Q

These processes are
essential for the maintenance of life on Earth.

A

TRUE

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5
Q

What are the 4 cycles in biogeochem?

A

water cycle
nitrogen cycle
carbon dioxide cycle
oxygen cycles

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6
Q

This is the movement of water from the ocean to the atmosphere to land and back to ocean.

A

WATER CYCLE

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7
Q

What are the 3 processes of the water cycle?

A
  1. evapotranspiration
  2. condensation
  3. precipitation
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8
Q

WC evapotranspiration

A

water from the bodies of water and moisture from moist soil evaporates.

liquid turns into gas (water vapor)

water vapor will go into the atmosphere! bye, bye hydrosphere!

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9
Q

WC condensation

A

the water vapor will form tiny droplets in the atmosphere = CLOUD FORMATION

pwede ring manifestation ng condensation yung fogz

yung water vapor na naging droplets, water droplets yun

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10
Q

WC precipitation

A

releasing of water droplets in form of hail, sleet, rain, or snow!

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11
Q

Around 60% of precipitation on land EVAPORATES BACK to the
atmosphere each year while 40% RETURNS to the ocean as runoff.

A

TRUE

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12
Q

what are the 4 processes of the nitrogen cycle?

A
  1. Nitrogen Fixation
  2. Nitrification
  3. Ammonification
  4. Denitrification
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13
Q

what is the nitrogen cycle?

A

MOVEMENT OF NITROGEN BETWEEN THE SPHERES

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14
Q

NC Nitrogen Fixation

A

atmospheric nitrogen is not for direct use. kailangang convert.

nitrogen fixation is the conversion of atmospheric nitrogen to ammonium compounds aka biologically available nitrogen.

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15
Q

nitrogen-fixing bacteria is a prokaryote used to break down atmospheric N.

A

TRUE

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16
Q

NC Nitrification

A

Converting the ammonium compounds/ammonia into nitrite and then to nitrate.

Nitrifying bacteria converts ammonia to nitrite and nitrate!

plants and algae need nitrates. they make proteins out of nitrates

17
Q

Plants, algae, and bacteria then convert the inorganic forms of nitrogen compounds through different chemical reactions.

A

TRUE

18
Q

NC Ammonification

A

fungi and prokaryotes decompose the dead tissue of organisms and release the inorganic nitrogen back into the ecosystem as ammonia.

yung pooped/excreted wastes ng kumonsumo nung plants na may proteins (e.g., rabbits) magdedecay. pag decayed na, magiging ammonia na siya ulit

19
Q

Ammonification is also called?

A

Nitrogen Mineralization

20
Q

NC Denitrification

A

releasing nitrogen back to the atmosphere.

may mga nitrate na hindi nasasama sa mga nitrate na ginamit for plants. yung mga natira, ibabalik sa bacteria (denitrifying bacteria) tapos marerelease na sila sa atmosphere as either ammonia, nitrate, or molecular nitrogen.

21
Q

nitrogen cycle

atmosphere -> soil (geosphere) -> animals (biosphere) -> soil ulit then cycle starts again

A

TRUE

22
Q

OC Oxygen is distributed among reservoirs including
the atmosphere, oceans, freshwater
environments, soils, and groundwater

A

TRUE

23
Q

OC What is the major mechanism that produces oxygen gas which occurs in plants, algae, and in two groups of prokaryotes (cyanobacteria and prochlorophytes).

A

PHOTOSYNTHESIS!

24
Q

OC This also takes place between the atmosphere and the surface waters.

A

DIFFUSION

25
Q

OC How is oxygen consumed?

A

Aerobic respiration

26
Q

CC What are carbon’s gaseous states?

A

CO2 AND CH4
carbon dioxide and methane

27
Q

CC How does CO2 AND CH4 enter the atmosphere? (3)

A

respiration, combustion or burning of organic
compounds, and diffusion from the ocean.

28
Q

CC Photosynthesis removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere

A

TRUE

29
Q

biogeochemical is a cycle of life!

A

YES

30
Q

biotic compartment- biosphere

abiotic compartment- hydrosphere, atmosphere, and geosphere

A

TRUE

31
Q

Carbon in dead organisms that have been buried for a
long time under the ground are converted to?

A

FOSSIL FUELS

32
Q

NC: lightning can also make nitrogen fixation to happen!

A

TRUE

EARTH SCIENCE (16 decks)

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