Rock-Forming Minerals: PHYSICAL

Question 1

Mineral

Answer 1

a NATURALLY occurring, INORGANIC, HOMOGENEOUS SOLID , with a DEFINITE chemical composition, and an ORDERED crystalline structure.

Question 2

Some minerals are TOO SMALL to be identified by the naked eye that is why there is a need for high-powered instruments such as a petrographic microscope and X-ray diffractometers (XRDs).

Answer 2

TRUE

Question 3

how many are the physical properties of minerals?

Answer 3

9

Question 4

what are the physical properties of minerals?

Answer 4

hardness
streak
color
luster
cleavage
fraction
specific gravity
crystal habit

Question 5

PP: colors

Answer 5

wavelengths of light that are reflected by the material

Question 6

PP color is the most noticeable property

Answer 6

TRUE

Question 7

PP: using colors as sole basis for mineral
identification is not enough because different minerals can have the same color.

Answer 7

TRUE

Question 8

PP: color is highly affected by ??? (2)

Answer 8

impurities and light diffraction

Question 9

PP: 3 classifications by color

Answer 9

1. idiochromatic
2. allochromatic
3. pseudochromatic

Question 10

PP: COLOR IDIOCHROMATIC

Answer 10

colors stay the same, CONSTANT
self-colored

malachite (always green), rhodochrosite (always red) and sulfur (always yellow)

Question 11

PP: COLOR ALLOCHROMATIC

Answer 11

colorless in purity, kaya nagkakaroon ng purities
weakly-colored

amethyst and rose

Question 12

PP: COLOR PSEUDOCHROMATIC

Answer 12

false-colored, colors are due to light diffraction

bornite

Question 13

PP streak

Answer 13

color of the powdered form of a mineral.

Question 14

PP color of the mineral is always the same with the streak color

Answer 14

FALSE. NOT ALWAYS

Question 15

PP steak is more reliable than mineral color for identification becoz streak colors NEVER change.

Answer 15

TRUE

Question 16

PP luster

Answer 16

appearance of a mineral’s surface and is dependent on how it reflects light.

Question 16

PP what are the types of luster?

Answer 16

pearly
silky
dull
resinous
earthy
adamantine,
vitreous or glassy
metallic

Question 17

PP: crystal habit

Answer 17

characteristic shape in which a mineral grows and is a
projection of the mineral’s crystal structure

Question 18

PP: common crystal habits?

Answer 18

acicular
blocky
tabular
fibrous
bladed
dendritic
prismatic

Question 19

PP: cleavage

Answer 19

tendency of some minerals to break along FLAT surfaces.

Question 20

PP: cleavage has the WEAKEST atomic bonding which means that when you use a hammer to break a mineral, it will always break along these points.

Answer 20

TRUE

Question 21

PP: cleavages are parallel and they occur repetitively

Answer 21

TRUE

Question 22

PP: types of cleavages

Answer 22

basal
prismatic
non-prismatic
cubic
rhombohedral
octahedral
sphalerite

Question 23

PP: Fractures

Answer 23

The pattern in which the mineral breaks aside from its planes of cleavage.

Question 24

PP: fractures have atomic bonds with EQUAL STRENGTH

Answer 24

True

Question 25

PP: Fractures do NOT break along planes; it just breaks UNEVENLY.

Answer 25

TRUE

Question 26

PP: types of fractures

Answer 26

conchoidal jagged uneven splintery

Question 27

PP: hardness

Answer 27

resistance of the minerals to scratching. It is measured by scratching the mineral with another object of known hardness.

Question 28

PP: Mohs scale of hardness is used which is composed of ten minerals, numbered from 1 to 10 (1 as the softest and 10 as the hardest).

Answer 28

TRUE

Question 29

PP TALC SOFTEST DIAMOND HARDNESS

Answer 29

TRUE

Question 30

PP: Specific Gravity

Answer 30

ratio of a minerals’ weight to the weight of an equal volume of water

Question 31

PP: a specific gravity of 4 means that a certain substance is four times heavier than water.

Answer 31

TRUE

Question 32

The size of the mineral is DEPENDENT of its specific gravity

Answer 32

FALSE! INDEPENDENT (a small mineral can have a big spec grav) doesn't matter