The Basics Flashcards
List at least the top 4 (out of 10) most common cancers in men (from England 2012 new patients National Statistics)
- Prostate
- Lung
- Colorectal
- Bladder
- Non-Hodgkins lymphoma
- Melanoma of the skin
- Oesophageal
- Renal
- Lip, oral cavity and pharyngeal
- Leukaemia
List the at least the top 4 (out of 10) most common cancers in women (from England 2012 new patients National Statistics)
- Breast
- Lung
- Colorectal
- Uterine
- Ovarian
- Melanoma
- Non-Hodgkins lymphoma
- Pancreatic
- Leukaemia
- Renal
Define ‘Adjuvant’
A treatment given after a definitive treatment with an aim to increase the chance of cure.
What is the name for treatment when 2 or more therapies are given simultaneously?
Concurrent therapy
What is ‘Patient Performance Status’?
A standardised way to express a patient’s fitness.
Why is it important to consider a Patients’ Performance Status?
This will help to predict survival and help predict the ability to tolerate therapies. It may also guide decisions such as which therapies will be most appropriate.
According to the ECOG scale, what does the following score get defined as; 0?
Fully active, able to carry out all pre-disease performance without restriction
According to the ECOG scale, what does the following score get defined as; 1?
Restricted in physically strenuous activity but ambulatory and able to carry out light work
According to the ECOG scale, what does the following score get defined as; 2?
Ambulatory and capable of self-care but unable to carry out any work activities. Up and about >50% of waking hours.
According to the ECOG scale, what does the following score get defined as; 3?
Capable of only limited self-care. Confined to bed/chair >50% of waking hours.
According to the ECOG scale, what does the following score get defined as; 4?
Completely disabled and confined to bed/chair. No self-care.
According to the ECOG scale, what does the following score get defined as; 5?
Deceased
What is cancer?
Uncontrolled division of unhealthy cells that can spread around the body.
What is radiotherapy?
In plain terms, it is targeted X-Ray treatment
What happens to cancer cells when they are blasted with ionising radiation?
Ionising radiation causes damage to double stranded DNA which causes cell lysis and death