The Atom Flashcards
The atom is made up of three sub atomic particles:
Protons
Neutrons
Electrons
Electrons
-1 charge
1/2000 mass
On the orbitals/ energy levels. The orbitals take up most of the volume of the atom.
Nucleus
Most of the mass of the atom is concentrated in the nucleus.
The diameter of the nucleus is tiny compared to the whole atom.
The nucleus is where you find the protons and neutrons.
Mass number
Total number of protons and neutrons
Protons + neutrons =
Mass number
What do atoms of the same elements all have
The same number of protons
When an atom is neutral and has no overall charge what does it have the same
Electrons
What is the number of neutrons
Mass number-atomic number
What do ions have different numbers of
electrons
How do atoms form ions
Losing or gaining electrons
What do negative ions have more of
More electrons than protons
What do positive ions have less of
Fewer electrons than protons
What is an isotope
Atoms of the same element with the same number of protons but different number of neutrons
What do isotopes have the same of
Protons and electrons. This is because the number and arrangement of electrons are what decides the chemical properties of an element. Isotopes have the same configuration of electrons, so they’ve got the same chemical properties.
What do isotopes have slightly different
Physical properties such as densities and rates of diffusion. That is because physical properties tend to depend on the mass of an atom.
