Halide Ions Flashcards

1
Q

Trend of Reducing power of halides down a group

A

Increases as attraction is weaker due to ions getting bigger and electrons moving further from nucleus.
There’s an extra inner electron shell and so greater shielding.

Easier to lose an electron

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2
Q

What does it mean to reduce something

A

The halide ions need to lose an electron from its outer shell.

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3
Q

Reaction of halides with sulfuric acid (H2SO4)

A

All halides react with concentrated sulfuric acid to give a hydrogen halide as a starting product

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4
Q

Silver nitrate solution test

A

For halides

  1. Add dilute nitric acid HNO3 to remove ions which might interfere -> carbonates
  2. Add silver nitrate AgNO3 solution
  3. Precipitate formed of the silver halide

Reagent is silver nitrate - 1st
Second reagent is dilute ammonia

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5
Q

Colours of precipitate identifies halide

A

Fluoride - no precipitate
Chloride - white precipitate
Bromide - cream precipitate
Iodide - yellow precipitate

Chloride forms slowest -> iodide fastest

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6
Q

Adding ammonia solutions into each silver halide has a different

A

Solubility in ammonia

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7
Q

Solubility of silver halide precipitates in ammonia

A

Chloride - white precipitate, dissolves in dilute NH3

Bromide - cream precipitate, dissolves in concentrated NH3

Iodide - yellow precipitate, insoluble in concentrated NH3

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