The Atmosphere Flashcards
What are the gases in the lower layer of the atmosphere (troposphere)? What are the percentages?
Nitrogen (78%)
Oxygen (21%)
Argon (1%)
What does the Ozone layer do? How high is this layer?
Absorbs the UV light from the sun
50,000-100,000 ft
Which layer of the atmosphere is the ozone?
Stratosphere
What are the layers of the atmosphere?
Troposphere, Tropopause, Stratosphere, Stratopause, Mesosphere, Mesopause, Thermosphere
What is the altitude of the Tropopause? What is the temperature at the Tropopause?
36,090 ft
-56.5˚C
What is the temperature above the Tropopause (36,090ft)?
-56.5˚C
Mean Sea Level Density
1.225 kg/m3
Mean Sea Level Pressure
1013.25 hPa
Mean Sea Level Temperature
15˚C
Pressure Lapse Rate
27ft / hPa
Temperature Lapse Rate
2˚C / 1000 ft
Density Lapse Rate
non linear
22,000 ft = 50%
40,000 ft = 25%
What is the density of water vapour?
0.760 kg/m3
What is the density of dry air?
1.225 kg/m3
What is the standard equation for calculating the ISA?
ISA = 15˚C - (2 x 1000 ft)
What is the equation for Density?
Density is directionally proportionate to pressure & indirectly proportionate to temperature
What happens to warm dense air?
Air which is dense and warm will rise and continue to rise
What’s the meaning of Troposphere?
The sphere of turn or mixing (gases)
What is the Ozone made of? Which level is it found? What is the height it is found?
It’s an allotrope of oxygen made up of 3 oxygen atoms
Stratosphere @ 50,000-100,000ft
What is the altitude of the Troposphere?
36,090ft or 11km
What is the altitude of the Stratosphere?
164,000ft or 50km
What is Pressure? And what unit is it measured in?
Force per unit area
Measured in bars
What unit is weather measured in?
Milibar (mb)
1/1000th of a bar
If we are climbing in our aircraft, would we expect our pressure to increase or decrease?
Pressure will decrease
Pressure decreases when altitude increases
