The Animal Kingdom

Question 1

What features are common to all members of the Animal Kingdom?

Answer 1

Eukaryotes
* Heterotrophic, with internal
digestion.
* Multicellular bodies with cells that
perform specialized functions.
* Most are motile.
* Most reproduce sexually with
diploid adult body.

Question 2

Asymmetry

Answer 2

sponges

Question 3

Radial

Answer 3

Cnidarians (jellyfish)

Question 4

Bilateral

Answer 4

Rest of phyla (99%)

Question 5

The advantage of radial symmetry

Answer 5

Have sensory receptors all over body; cant direct where they go

Question 6

The advantage of bilateral symmetry

Answer 6

use sensory organisms to help direct where they go; purposeful movement

Question 7

Endothermic

Answer 7

capable of internal generation of heat; birds and class mammalia

Question 8

Ectothermic

Answer 8

body temperature dependent on external environment; reptiles, class amphibia

Question 9

4 Chordate characteristics:

Answer 9

Notochord–> cartilage discs in vertebral column
Nerve cord- ->brain and spinal cord
Pharyngeal slits–>respiratory organs in aquatic vertebrates and into components of the ear, tonsil, and thymus in tetrapods
Post-anal tail—> coccyx (tail bone) we had that too)

Question 10

Vertebrate

Answer 10

bone or cartilage inside their body, only phylum chordata

Question 11

Invertebrate

Answer 11

no skeleton or cartilage on inside, 96% of animals

Question 12

Porifera

Answer 12

sponges
cellular level
asymmetrical symmetry
water enters body through pores, all aquatic, covered in pores

Question 13

Cnidarians

Answer 13

jellyfish, corals
tissue level
radial symmetry
stinging cells, all aquatic, feeds by stinging prey

Question 14

Platyhelminthes

Answer 14

flatworms, tapeworms
organ/system
bilateral symmetry
flat, unsegmented worms

Question 15

Nematoda

Answer 15

hookworms, roundworms
organ/system
bilateral symmetry
round, unsegmented worms

Question 16

Mollusca

Answer 16

clams, snails, octopus
organ/system
bilateral symmetry
have one muscular foot for movement

Question 17

Annelida

Answer 17

earthworms, leeches
organ/system
bilateral symmetry
segmented worms, can live on land or aquatic

Question 18

Arthropoda

Answer 18

insects, spiders, scorpions
organ/system
bilateral symmetry
exoskeleton with chitin, jointed appendages

Question 19

Echinodermata

Answer 19

sea stars, sea cucumbers
organ/system
bilateral symmetry
endoskeleton, water vascular system

Question 20

Chordata

Answer 20

sea squirts, vertebrates (humans, mammals)
organ/system
bilateral symmetry

Question 21

Chordata Clades

Answer 21

Hagfish
Lamprey
Sharks, rays or cartilaginous fish (first to have jaw)
Ray-fined fish or bony fish (lung or lung derivatives)
Class Amphibia (frogs, salamanders) (limbs with digits)
Class Reptilia (snakes, lizards, crocs, birds) (first to have amniotic egg)
Class Mammalia (humans, kangaroos, koalas) (milk)

Question 22

types of mammals

Answer 22

Monotremes- hatched from egg (duck billed platypus)
Marsupials- don’t lay eggs; embryonic birth, continued development in a pouch with mammary
glands (Koalas and kangaroos)
Eutherians- fully developed at birth (newborn foals)
placentals- Obtains nutrients for development through diffusion across the placenta from the mother (humans)
most parental care

Question 23

Tissue

Answer 23

muscle. nervous, connective, epithelial
all 4 make an organ

Question 24

Deuterostome

Answer 24

mouth develops second (humans)