The Aerobic System Flashcards
what is the type of reaction?
aerobic
what is the fuel used?
glycogen/glucose and fats
what are the stages in this system
S1: aerobic glycolysis
S2: Kreb’s Cycle
S3: electron transport chain
what are the reaction sites?
S1: sarcoplasm
S2: mitochondrial matrix
S3: mitochondrial cristae
what are the controlling enzymes?
GPP, PFK, co-enzyme A, and lipase
what is the ATP yield?
S1: 2 ATP
S2: 2 ATP
S3: 34 ATP
what are the by-products produced
CO2 and H2O
what is the intensity of this system
low-moderate/submaximal
what is the duration of this system?
180 seconds onwards
sporting example from individual activity
marathon, open-water swimming
sporting example from team game
rugby forward to last the duration of the match
advantage of this system
- large supply of glucose and glycogen
- high ATP yield 38:1
- no fatiguing by-product
disadvantages of system
- aerobic so have to wait for O2
- complex series of reactions
- can only work at submax intensity
- takes a long time to breakdown fat (20 mins)
- requires 15% more O2
S1: aerobic glycolysis
1) GPP breaks down glycogen into glucose
2) PFK converts glucose to pyruvic acid + energy
3) link reaction converts pyruvic into acetyl coA
4) energy used to resynthesise 2 ATP
S2: Kreb’s Cycle
1) acetyl coA from S1 + oxaloacetic acid form citric acid
2) produces CO2, hydrogen+, and energy which is used to resynthesis 2ATP
S3: electron transport chain
1) hydrogen from S2 split into H+ and H-
2) H+ and O2 form h2o
3) H- carried by electron carriers NAD and FAD to release energy used to resynthesise 34 ATP
how does the aerobic system use fats as fuel?
lipase breaks down tryglycerides to produce free fatty acids and glycerol - FFAs converted into acetyl coA - acetyl coA continues through Kreb’s Cycle and ETC
lactate threshold and OBLA
- sudden increase in conc. of lactic acid in blood at the anaerobic threshold
- the intensity of exercise where blood lactate conc. reaches 4 mmol/l is called OBLA
