The 5 Kingdoms of Life Flashcards
What are the 5 kingdoms of life?
Animal
Plant
Fungi
Protoctista
Bacteria
Which of the 5 kingdoms have eukaryotic cells?
Animal
Plant
Fungi
Protoctista
Which of the 5 kingdoms have prokaryotic cells?
Bacteria
What is the definition of a eukaryotic cell?
A cell with membrane bound organelles - especially a proper nucleus
Which kingdoms contain only multi cellular organisms?
Plants and animals
Which kingdom contains both multicellular and single celled organisms?
Fungi
Which is the only kingdom that has cells with no cell wall?
Animal
What is the cell wall of a plant cell made from?
Cellulose
What is the cell wall of a fungal cell made from?
Chitin
What is autotrphic nutrition?
Making your own food - e.g. photosynthesis
What is heterotrophic nutrition?
Eating other organisms for food.
What is saprophytic nutrition?
Eating only dead things.
Which kingdom is made up of only saprophytic organisms?
Fungi
Explain why a virus is not considered to be a living organism?
They do not respire, therefore they are not living cells. They are made by living cells.
What is a pathogen?
An organism (or virus) that makes you ill. Causes disease.
Where is DNA found in prokaryotic cells?
In the cytoplasm - no nucleus. Bacterial cells have 1 large circular chromosome and smaller circles of DNA called plasmids.
What is the name of the protective layer outside of bacterial cell walls?
Capsule (it used to be called the slime capsule)
Some species (not all) of bacteria have a kind of ‘tail’ that helps them to move. What is this structure called?
Flagellum
What is a bacterial cell wall made from?
Peptidoglycan
What effect does Tobacco Mosaic Virus have on leaves?
Causes brown patches by stopping chlorophyll production
Green algae are single celled autotrophs with cells that look very similar to plants. Why are they categorised as protoctista and not as plants by biologists?
Because they are not multi-cellular.
Why are the protoctista so varied?
Any single celled eukaryotic organism that doesn’t fit into the other kingdoms is called a protoctista. Therefore, different species have many of the characteristics of other kingdoms.
Which kingdoms store carbohydrates as glycogen?
All Animals and Fungi and some species of Protoctista.
Which kingdoms contain some species that photosynthesise?
Plants, Protoctista and Bacteria
