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4th Quarter Exams > Thanatochemistry Exam 1 > Flashcards

Thanatochemistry Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Al

A

Aluminum

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2
Q

Br

A

Bromine

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3
Q

Ca

A

Calcium

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4
Q

C

A

Carbon

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5
Q

Cl

A

Chlorine

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6
Q

Cu

A

Copper

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7
Q

F

A

Fluorine

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8
Q

He

A

Helium

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9
Q

H

A

Hydrogen

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10
Q

I

A

Iodine

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11
Q

Fe

A

Iron

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12
Q

Hg

A

Mercury

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13
Q

N

A

Nitrogen

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14
Q

O

A

Oxygen

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15
Q

P

A

Phosphorous

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16
Q

Potassium

A

K

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17
Q

Sodium

A

Na

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18
Q

Sulfur

A

S

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19
Q

the branch of natural science that is concerned with the description and classification of matter, with the changes that matter undergoes, and with the energy associated with each of these changes

A

Chemistry

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20
Q

What are the 5 Divisions of Chemistry

A
  1. Inorganic chemistry
  2. Organic chemistry
  3. Biochemistry
  4. Embalming chemistry
  5. Thanatochemistry
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21
Q

that branch of chemistry that studies the properties and reactions of element, EXCLUDING (not containing) organic or certain carbon-containing compounds.

A

Inorganic Chemistry

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22
Q

that branch of chemistry that deals with certain carbon-containing compounds, the study of compounds that CONTAIN the element carbon

A

Organic Chemistry

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23
Q

that branch of chemistry dealing with compounds produced by LIVING ORGANISMS

A

Biochemistry

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24
Q

the study of those types of matter and changes in matter related to the disinfection and preservation of human remains

A

Embalming Chemistry

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25
Q

the study of those physical and chemical changes in the human body that are caused by the process of death (the chemistry of death)

A

Thanatochemistry

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26
Q

What are the 4 ways of chemical measurements

A

Metric System

  1. Length- METER
  2. Volume-LITER
  3. Mass-KILOGRAM
  4. Heat-CALORIE (small c)
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27
Q

the standard metric unit for length

A

Meter

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28
Q

the standard unit of volume in the metric system

A

Liter

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29
Q

1,000 grams, the standard unit of mass in the metric system

A

Kilogram

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30
Q

the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one (1) gram of water 1 degree Celsius at 15 degree Celsius at STP (standard temperature and pressure)

A

Calorie

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31
Q

What are the 3 scales to measure temperature

A
  1. F- Fahrenheit
  2. C- Celsius
  3. K- Kalvin
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32
Q

T/F no negative temperatures can exist on the Kalvin scale, do not use or say degree on the Kalvin scale?

A

True

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33
Q

What is the Freezing point of water?

A

32 degrees Fahrenheit
0 degrees Celsius
273 Kalvin

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34
Q

What is the boiling point of water?

A

212 degrees Fahrenheit
100 degrees Celsius
373 Kalvin

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35
Q

anything that occupies space & possesses mass

A

Matter

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36
Q

characteristics by which substances may be identified

A

properties

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37
Q

properties of a substance that are observed without a change in chemical composition, which include color, odor, taste, solubility, density, hardness, melting point, and boiling point

A

Physical Properties

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38
Q

What are the 4 physical properties of matter?

A
  1. State of Matter
  2. Solubility
  3. Density
  4. Specific gravity
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39
Q

a physical property of matter (solid, liquid, gas) condition or phase in the physical composition of a substance at a given temperature and pressure

A

State of Matter

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40
Q

the measure of how well two substances mix

A

Solubility

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41
Q

the ration of the mass of a substance to its volume; (D=M/V…. density = mass divided by volume)

A

Density

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42
Q

a ratio of densities with water as the standard; blood is slightly denser than water

A

Specific gravity

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43
Q

characteristics that can be observed when a substance is interacting with other substances resulting in a chemical change

A

Chemical Properties

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44
Q

what are the 2 chemical properties of matter?

A
  1. Combustibility

2. Reactivity

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45
Q

the rapid oxidation or burning that produces heat and light (ex: matches)

A

Combustibility

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46
Q

a change in the form or state of matter without any change in chemical composition

A

Physical change in matter

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47
Q

What are the 2 physical changes in matter

A
  1. changes in state

2. solvation

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48
Q

the process of dissolving

A

solvation

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49
Q

a change in which a new substance or substances are produced that have entirely different properties from the original substance because the chemical composition has changed

A

Chemical change in matter

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50
Q

What are the 3 chemical changes in matter

A
  1. Cremation of remains
  2. Decomposition of remains
  3. Preservation of remains (embalming)
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51
Q

What are the physical states of matter

A
  1. Gases
  2. Liquids
  3. Solids
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52
Q

a state of matter in which the atoms or molecules move about in almost complete freedom from one another, gases have NO definite shape or volume and assume the shape and volume of their container

A

Gases

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53
Q

What are the properties of Gases

A
  1. Liquefaction
  2. Condensation
  3. Vaporization
  4. Diffusion
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54
Q

conversion of a solid or gas into a liquid form as a result of physical or chemical change

A

Liquefaction

55
Q

a change of state of matter from a gas to a liquid

A

Condensation

56
Q

the physical change from a liquid to a gas

A

Vaporization

57
Q

the movement of molecules or other particles in solution from an area of greater concentration to an area of lesser concentration until uniform concentration is reached

A

Diffusion

58
Q

a substance that flows readily but does not tend to expand indefinitely

A

Liquids

59
Q

What are the properties of Liquids

A
  1. Viscosity
  2. Surface tension
  3. Diffusion
  4. Solidification
  5. Crystallization
  6. Freezing
  7. Boiling
60
Q

thickness; the resistance that a liquid exhibits to the flow of one layer over another arising from the molecular attraction between the molecules of a liquid

A

Viscosity

61
Q

the force that acts on the surface of a liquid and tends to minimize surface area (wetting agents; surfactants)

A

Surface tension

62
Q

the movement of molecules or other particles in solution from an area of greater concentration to an area of lesser concentration until uniform concentration is reached

A

Diffusion

63
Q

a conversion of a liquid or a gas into a solid form

A

Solidification

64
Q

the process by which a substance is given definite form

A

crystallization

65
Q

a change of state of matter from a liquid to a solid by the loss of heat

A

Freezing

66
Q

the rapid passage of liquid particles to the vapor or gaseous state by forming bubbles through the action of heat, conversion of liquid to gas

A

Boiling

67
Q

the condensed state of matter having a definite shape and volume

A

Solid

68
Q

What are the properties of solids

A
  1. Melting

2. Sublimation

69
Q

the change in the state from a solid to a liquid, conversion of a solid to a liquid

A

Melting

70
Q

to go from solid to gas without first passing through the liquid state; only two i.e. dry ice (CO2) & Iodine; a physical change of state during which a substance changes directly from a solid to a gas

A

Sublimation

71
Q

What are the types of matter based on composition

A
  1. Elements
  2. Compounds
  3. Mixture
72
Q

the simplest substance which cannot be decomposed by ordinary chemical means

A

Elements

73
Q

the smallest particle of an element that has all the properties of the element

A

Atom

74
Q

an atomic or molecular species with a positive (cation) or negative (anion) electrical charge; an atom of an element or a group of atoms acting as one unit that has lost or gained electron(s)

A

Ion

75
Q

a charged entity consisting of only a single atom

A

Monatomic Ion

76
Q

abbreviation for an element; the first letter is always and only capitalized, the maximum amount of letters in symbol is 3 the minimum is 1

A

Symbol

77
Q

What are the 2 types of elements

A
  1. Metals

2. Non-metals

78
Q

an element marked by luster, malleability, ductility, and conductivity of electricity and heat. These elements tend to lose electrons in chemical reaction and form positive ions (found on the left side of the darken staircase on the periodic table handout)

A

Metals

79
Q

any element that is not a metal, These elements tend to gain electrons in chemical reaction and form negative ions (found on the right side of the darken staircase on the periodic table handout)

A

Non-metals

80
Q

a substance consisting of two or more atoms combined chemically in definite proportions by mass

A

Compounds

81
Q

the smallest unit of a compound which can exist alone; an aggregation of atoms, specifically a chemical of two or more atoms which form a specific chemical substance

A

Molecule(s), including diatomic

82
Q

an ion composed of two atoms; two or more atoms of the same element that unite together to form a compound

A

Diatomic ions

83
Q

a qualitative and quantitative expression of a compound using symbols and subjects to indicate the chemical constituents and their respective numbers

A

Formula

84
Q

what are 4 examples of compounds

A
  1. Acids
  2. Bases
  3. Salts
  4. Oxides
85
Q

a compound which has a pH below 7; it is acidic

A

Acids

86
Q

a compound which has a pH above 7; it is alkaline

A

Bases

87
Q

compounds which are formed in the reaction between an acid and base other than water

A

Salts

88
Q

a compound consisting of oxygen combined with only one other element (CO2 carbon dioxide)

A

Oxides

89
Q

a combination of two or more substances NOT chemically united and NOT in definite proportion by mass

A

Mixture

90
Q

What are 3 examples of Mixtures

A
  1. Air
  2. Embalming fluid
  3. Blood
91
Q

the ability of a system or material to do work

A

Energy

92
Q

energy that is stored

A

Potential Energy

93
Q

energy of a body by virtue of its motion

A

Kinetic Energy

94
Q

the smallest particle of an element is called the _________

A

atom

95
Q

All atoms are composed of a central ___________ with protons and neutrons

A

Nucleus

96
Q

the _________ move around the nucleus in _____________.

A

electrons Orbits/shells

97
Q

the identity of elements are made by assignment of an ________________ which is identical to the number of protons in the nucleus

A

atomic number

98
Q

______________ have no electrical charge — however they serve to offer stability to a nucleus

A

Neutrons

99
Q

Atoms may join together to form _____________

A

molecules

100
Q

Atoms of the same element which have identical chemical properties but different atomic weights are called ____________

A

isotopes

101
Q

For any specific atom, the electrons in the outermost shell are called ___________ electrons

A

valence

102
Q

atoms that are electrically charged because of a gain or loss of electrons are called__________

A

ions

103
Q

the net attractive interaction between two atoms in a single molecule creates a ____________________

A

Chemical bond

104
Q

_________ have a strong tendency to change from an unstable form with an incomplete outer shell to a more stable form with a complete outer shell with filled orbitals

A

ions

105
Q

those things which hold elements together to form new substances are called ___________

A

Chemical bonds

106
Q

Compounds in which the atoms are held together by ionic bonds are called ______________ compounds

A

ionic

107
Q

these determine an element’s chemical properties __________

A

valence electrons

108
Q

when electrons are shared between atoms a condition of __________ bonding occurs

A

covalent

109
Q

a subatomic particle normally found in the nucleus of an atom; it has a relative mass of 1 and an electrical charge of +1

A

Proton

110
Q

a neutral subatomic particle with a mass similar to that of a proton; it is normally found in the nucleus of an atom and has NO electrical charge

A

Neutron

111
Q

a subatomic particle with a negative -1 electrical charge and a mass that is 1/1,857 that of a proton; electrons are found outside the nucleus of an atom

A

Electron

112
Q

The atomic number of an atom is equal to ___________

A

number of protons in the nucleus of that atom

113
Q

The atomic weight of an atom is equal to _______________

A

number of protons plus number of neutrons in the nucleus of that element

114
Q

Helium has an atomic number of 2 and an atomic weight of 4; How many protons does Helium have

A

2

115
Q

Helium has an atomic number of 2 and an atomic weight of 4; How many electrons does Helium have

A

2

116
Q

Helium has an atomic number of 2 and an atomic weight of 4; How many neutrons does Helium have

A

4

117
Q

Carbon has an atomic number of 6 and an atomic weight of 12 how many protons does Carbon have

A

6

118
Q

Carbon has an atomic number of 6 and an atomic weight of 12 how many electrons does Carbon have

A

6

119
Q

Carbon has an atomic number of 6 and an atomic weight of 12 how many neutrons does Carbon have

A

6

120
Q

Nitrogen has an atomic number of 7 and an atomic weight of 14 how many protons does Nitrogen have

A

7

121
Q

Nitrogen has an atomic number of 7 and an atomic weight of 14 how many electrons does Nitrogen have

A

7

122
Q

Nitrogen has an atomic number of 7 and an atomic weight of 14 how many neutrons does Nitrogen have

A

7

123
Q

Beryllium has 4 protons and 5 neutrons how many electrons does Beryllium have

A

4

124
Q

Beryllium has 4 protons and 5 neutrons what is the atomic number of Beryllium

A

4

125
Q

Beryllium has 4 protons and 5 neutrons what is the atomic weight of Beryllium

A

9.0

126
Q

Fluorine has 9 protons and 10 neutrons how many electrons does Fluorine have

A

9

127
Q

Fluorine has 9 protons and 10 neutrons what is the atomic number of Fluorine

A

9

128
Q

Fluorine has 9 protons and 10 neutrons what is the atomic weight of Fluorine

A

19

129
Q

the abbreviation for an element is a ___________

A

symbol

130
Q

the abbreviation for a compound is a ___________

A

formula

131
Q

a number written to the left or in front of a symbol or formula is called _____________

A

a coefficient (# of molecules in that element)

132
Q

a number written to the right and slightly below a symbol or formula is called ___________

A

a subscript (total # of atoms in the element)

133
Q

Formulas are usually expressed as the ___________ portion written first; and a non-metallic portion written last

A

metallic

134
Q

__________ usually have positive oxidation numbers; whereas ___________ usually have negative oxidation numbers

A

Metals Non-metals

4th Quarter Exams (7 decks)

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