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thalamus Flashcards

1
Q

the thalamus is the ______ diencephalic subdivision

A

largest

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2
Q

the thalamus relays ______

A

all main sensory systems except olfactory pathway

motor inputs from cerebellum and basal ganglia

limbic inputs

modulatory inputs involved in behavioral arousal and sleep-wake cycles

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3
Q

the thalamus is found bet _____

A

interventricular foramen and posterior commissure

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4
Q

it extends from ____ to _____

A

rom 3rd ventricle to medial border of the posterior limb of internal capsule

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5
Q

it is dorsal to _____

A

hypothalamic sulcus

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6
Q

anterior end is _____ in shape

A

narrow and rounded

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7
Q

posterior end is _____ in shape

A

expanded

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8
Q

anterior end forms _____

A

posterior boundary of the interventricular foramen

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9
Q

posterior end forms _____

A

pulvinar

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10
Q

the pulvinar overhangs _____

A

superior colliculus and superior brachium

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11
Q

what is the LGB

A

small elevation on the under aspect of the lateral portion of the pulvinar

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12
Q

sup surface is covered by _____

A

tela choroidea and fornix

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13
Q

inf surface is cont with _____

A

tegmentum of midbrain

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14
Q

medial surface forms ______

A

superior part of the lateral wall of the 3rd ventricle

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15
Q

medial surface is connected to opposite thalamus via _____

A

interthalamic connection

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16
Q

lateral surface is covered by _____

A

ependyma

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17
Q

lateral surface forms _____

A

part of the floor of the lateral ventricle

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18
Q

relate lateral surface, lentiform and internal capsule

A

lateral surface is separated from lentiform nucleus by internal capsule

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19
Q

sup surface subdivision is covered by _____

A

striatum zonale - white matter

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20
Q

lat surface subdivision is covered by _____

A

external medullary lamina

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21
Q

divides the thalamus into medial and lateral halves

A

internal medullary lamina

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22
Q

describe structure of internal medullary lamina

A

y-shaped anterosuperiorly

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23
Q

subdivision of the thalamus

A

Anterior

Lateral

Medial

Midline

Intralaminar nuclei

Reticular nuclei

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24
Q

anterior thalamic nuc is closely assoc w

A

limbic system

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25
anterior thalamic nuc is responsible for _____
emotional tone and mechanisms of recent memory
26
dorsomedial nuc is respo for
integration of sensory info, somatic, visceral and olfactory in relation to emotion and subjective states
27
the lateral part is further divided into
dorsal and ventral tier
28
parts of dorsal tier of lateral part
Lateral Dorsal Nucleus Lateral Posterior Nucleus Pulvinar
29
the dorsal tier has interconnection w
other thalamic nuclei and with parietal lobe, cingulate gyrus, and occipital and temporal lobes
30
parts of ventral tier of lateral part
Ventral Anterior Ventral Lateral Ventral Posterior - Ventral Posteromedial (VPM) - Ventral Posterolateral (VPL)
31
Ventral Anterior nuc influences
motor cortex activity
32
ventral lateral nucleus projects to
motor and premotor regions = motor activity
33
VPM recieves _____
ascending trigeminal and gustatory pathways
34
VPL receives ____
ascending sensory tracts, the medial and spinal leminiscus
35
thalamocortical projections pass through ____ to _____
posterior limb of internal capsule and corona radiata to postcentral gyrus area 3, 1 and 2
36
nuc found within internal medullary lamina
Intralaminar Nuclei
37
Intralaminar Nuclei is for
consciousness and alertness
38
found adjacent to 3rd ventricle and in the interthalamic connections
midline nuclei
39
midline nuclei receive
afferents from reticular formation
40
reticular nuc is bet
external medullary lamina and posterior limb of internal capsule
41
reticular nuc is concerned w ____
how cerebral cortex regulates thalamic activity
42
swelling on posterior surface of thalamus below pulvinar
MGB
43
MGB receives
auditory information from both ears but predominantly from the contralateral one
44
Swelling under the pulvinar of the thalamus
LGB
45
LGB function
Receives visual information from the opposite visual field
46
3 main categories of thalamic nuc
relay intralaminar reticular
47
relay nuc receive _____
input from numerous pathways then project to cortex
48
what are the specific thalamic relay nuclei
latera and anterior nuclear group
49
lateral nuclear group purpose
all sensory except olfaction from lateral thalamus to primary cortical areas
50
anterior nuclear group purpose
limbic pathways to anterior cingulate gyrus
51
discuss the widely projecting or nonspecific thalamic relay nuclei
Visual and other sensory inputs to pulvinar are relayed to large regions of the parietal, temporal, and occipital association cortex for behavioral orientation toward relevant stimuli
52
discuss Mediodorsal nucleus, midline and intralaminar nuclei
Diffuse relays of limbic inputs and other information involved in cognitive functions
53
major relayt owards frontral association cortex
mediodorsal
54
main input and output of intralaminar nuc is from
basal ganglia
55
Caudal intralaminar nuclei found in
centromedian nucleus
56
Caudal intralaminar nuclei involved in
basal ganglia circuitry
57
Rostral intralaminar nuclei involved in
Basal ganglia, reticular activating system to cortex
58
reticular nuc is lateral to the ______, just medial to _______
lateral to the rest of the thalamus, just medial to internal capsule
59
Only nucleus of the thalamus that does not project to the cortex
reticular nucleus
60
function of reticular nuc
Regulate thalamic activity - has GABAergic neurons = inhib
61

neuro 3rd shift (12 decks)

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