Textiles - Exam 2

Question 1

Rayon

Answer 1

This manufactured fiber is primarily cellusose and resembles cotton in its properties. It has two other catagories, vicose and cuprammonium. Trademarks: Galaxy (), Bemberg, and Lensing Vicose.

Question 2

Cuprammonium

Answer 2

This manufactured fiber is a sub type of rayon that is finer, sheerer, softer, more expensive, has better drape, is weak when wet, has good strength, and has poor elasticity and resiliency.

Question 3

Nylon

Answer 3

This manufactured fiber is made from petroleum and was first manufactured by DuPont in 1939. It is the most used manu. Fiber after polyester. It is lightweight,has good strength, good AR, elasticity, drape,and can be washed/drycleaned. Unfavorable properties inlcude being hydrophilic, static and pilling issues, and poor sunglight resistance. TM: Anso, Meryl

Question 4

Spandex

Answer 4

This manufactured fiber is elastometric and stretches 100% + and back. It is a monofilamet fiber called “elastane” in EU. It is extremely light weight, has good stretch recovery, good durablity, and has no pilling or static. Unfavorable properties include, it being expensive, hydrophilic, poor strength, and and poor AR. In clothing, only 1% is used. TM: Lycra, Holspan, Dorlastan

Question 5

Polyactic Acid (PLA)

Answer 5

This manufactured fiber is made from 85% lactic ased devrived from naturally reoccuring sugars. It has excellent resiliency, outstanding crimpy, good wicking ability, good hand, drapable, and is biodegradable.

Question 6

Microfibers

Answer 6

These manufactured fibers are finer and thinner. They provide qualites closely related to silk. They provide more vivid colors, softer hand, better drape, higher wicking effect, and are less expensive.

Question 7

Acetate

Answer 7

This manufactured fiber has excellent drape and luxurious hand, but has poor strength, AR, and elasticity. TM: Celaese, Estron, Chromespun

Question 8

Polyester

Answer 8

This manufactured fiber is the number one fiber used in the US. It has good strength and AR. However, it is almost completely hydrophobic. TR: Eco-Fit, Dacron, COOLMAX,ESP, and Fortrel.

Question 9

Acrylic

Answer 9

This manufactured fiber mimics wool. It has good sun resistance,, good drape, and is resliant with good elasticity. It has fair strength, pills, and is static prone. TR: Dralon, Silpalon, Creslan

Question 10

Olefin

Answer 10

This manufactured fiber is made up of polypropylene and polythylene. It is light weight, has good strength, and good AR, but is hydrophobic. TR: Essera, Spectra End uses: running, cycling, diving, surfing apparel.

Question 11

Metallic

Answer 11

This manufactured fiber includes brass, stainless steel, AL, gold, and silver. Techniques include laminating and metalizing. Creates static free textiles and e-textiles.

Question 12

Modacrylic

Answer 12

This fiber creates fake fur or wigs.

Question 13

Vinyon

Answer 13

This fiber creates vinyl for raincoats.

Question 14

Vinal

Answer 14

This fiber creates brush tips, fishing net, and fish thread.

Question 15

Fluropolymer

Answer 15

This manufactured fiber is extremly hydrophobic, has liquid/wind resistance (though water vapor permeable), and creates core tex.

Question 16

Carbon fibers

Answer 16

This manufactured fiber is very strong and is a pyrolosis of organice precursor fibers (rayon) at 1000-3000 diameter. After the pyrolosis, there is no other fiber left. It is black in color,has high stretch, and is light weight.

Question 17

Spun yarn

Answer 17

This yarn type is composed of relatively short lengths of fiber twisted or spun so that they hold together. This is made into yarn by a mechanical process that first make the fibers more or less parrallel.

Question 18

Filament yarn

Answer 18

This yarn type is composed of continous strands of fiber that may be miles long.

Question 19

Carded cotton yarns

Answer 19

A state where staple cotton fibers are taken to be cleaned and distangled.

Question 20

Combed cotton yarns

Answer 20

A state where carded, staple fibers are taken a step further and cleaned again in a combing unit. This is more expensive, looks better, feels smoother, and is stronger.

Question 21

Tow yarns

Answer 21

A yarn type that has short fibers, is irregular, and is coarse in texture.

Question 22

Line yarn

Answer 22

A yarn type that averages 15” and is smooth/fine.

Question 23

Woolens

Answer 23

This fabric type is made of carded yarns. They are fuzzy with a more uneven diameter and a napped surface. They are used for heavy coats, ski sweaters, and blankets.

Question 24

Worsted

Answer 24

This fabric type is made of combed yarns and is smooth with an even diameter. It has better shape and stability, is firmer and more stiff, and has a clear, sharp surface.

Question 25

Impacts of twist

Answer 25

fineness, appearance, strength, and absorbtion. More = less absorption and space