Tetracyclines Flashcards
Tetracyclines that does require dose adjustment
- tigecycline
- doxycycline
Give the short acting tetracyclines
Tetracyclines
Chlortetracycline
Oxytetracycline
Drug of choice for rickettsial infection
Tetracycline
Chief adverse effect of tigecycline
Nausea
Intermediate acting tetracycline
Demeclocycline
Methacycline
Long acting tetracycline
Doxycycline
Minocycline
MOA of tetracyclines
Binds reversibly to the 30S subunit of the bacterial hormone
Three mechanism of resistant to tetracycline
1) impaired influx or increased efflux by an active transport protein pump
2) ribosome protection due to production of proteins that interfere with tetracycline binding to the ribosome
3) enzymatic activation
Crystalline amphoteric substance of low sollubility
Free tetracylines
A glycycline and a semisynthetic derivative of minocycline
Tigecycline (100 mg loading dose, 50 mg every 12 hours)
Two types of transport that tetracycline do in order to enter in a microorganism
Passive dissufion Active transport (energy-dependent process)
Mode of administration of buffered tetracyclines
IV
Efflux pump-expressing gram negative species
Tet (AE)
Drugs that are resistant due to Tet (AE)
Susceptible to?
Older teracyclines, doxycyclines, minocyclines
Susceptible to Tigecycline
Substances that shortens the the halflife of doxycycline
Carbamazepine
Phenytoin
Barbiturate
Chronic alcohol ingestion
Mode of administration of tigecycline
IV
Tetracyclines that are not impaired by food
Minocycline and doxycycline
Tetracycline that has high concentration in tears and saliva
Minocycline
Useful fo eradication of menigococcal carrier state
Minocycline (200mg daily for 5 days)
What cephalosporin, in combination with doxycycline, is useful as a alternative treatment for gonococcal disease
Ceftriaxone
Oral tetracycline of choice because it can be given twice daily and its absorption is not impaired by food
Doxycycline
Oral dosage of tetracycline hydrochloride
0.25 - 0.5 g four time daily for 4 days: adults
20mg/kg/day: > 8 y/o
Most common reasons for discontinuing tetracyclines
Nausea, vomiting and diarrhea
Gram (+) organism coverage of teracycline
Streptococcus, staphylococcus, actinmyces, B. anthracis
