Tests summary

Question 1

7 Test types

Answer 1

General obs, Vitals, Neurological, Respiratory, CV, Abdo, Orthopaedic.

Question 2

7 Essential vital signs

Answer 2

Height, Weight, Aural temperature, Radial pulse rate, Radial pulse regualrity and amplitude, Respiration rate, Blood pressure.

Question 3

4 extra vital signs

Answer 3

Oral temperature, axilliary temperature, orthostatic hypotension, leg blood pressure (dorsalis pedis, popliteal).

Question 4

Neurological testing - 7 sections

Answer 4

Cerebral, Co-ordination, Motor, Sensory, CN, DMR, Vertigo.

Question 5

5 Cerebral function tests

Answer 5

Date and place orientation, Naming, Verbal commands, Writing, Speech

Question 6

8 Co-ordination tests

Answer 6

Standing and walking freely. Heel and toe walking. Tandem walk. Rhomberg’s. Rebound test. Finger to nose. Rapid alternating hand. Heel down shin.

Question 7

3 Motor function tests

Answer 7

Passive ankle and wrist flexion/extension. Clonus. Babinski sign.

Question 8

7 Sensory function tests

Answer 8

Vibration sense. Proprioception. Limb repositioning. Touch localisation. Sensory inattention. Stereognosis. Graphaesthesia

Question 9

17 CN tests - 6 CN I, ll, lll, lV, VI. 6 CN V, VII, VIII. 5 CN IX, X, XI, XII.

Answer 9

History of anosmia. Visual fields. Neglect. Pupillary light reactions. Pursuit. Vergence. Temporalis, masseter and pterygoid strength. Light touch and pain on V1, V2 and V3. Function of facial muscles. Screen hearing. Weber’s. Rinnes. Swallowing. Uvula. Trapezius, and sternocleidomastoid strength. Observe tongue. Tongue strength.

Question 10

10 dermatomes, 10 myotome tests and 5 reflexes. 3 extra myotome tests.

Answer 10

C5 to T1, L2 to S1. Myotomes: Biceps. Wrist extensors. Triceps. Finger flexors. Finger adductors/abductors. Hip flexion. Knee extension. Knee flexion. Hallux extension. Heel and toe walking. Reflexes: Biceps. Brachioradialis. Triceps. Patellar. Achilles. Extra: Deltoid. Wrist flexors

Question 11

2 tests for vertigo

Answer 11

Hallpike manouvre. Fitz-ritson test.

Question 12

4 essential steps to respiratory examination

Answer 12

Observation. Palpation. Percussion. Auscultation.

Question 13

2 tests for respiratory palpation

Answer 13

Rib expantion. Tactile fremitus.

Question 14

3 extra respiratory tests

Answer 14

Bronchophany, Egophony, Whispered pectoriloquy

Question 15

7 essential steps to CV exam

Answer 15

Observation. Heart. Carotid artery. Peripheral pulse amplitude. Capilliary refil. Vertebrobasilar artery (in ortho exam). Abdominal aorta (in abdo exam)

Question 16

3 steps to heart examination

Answer 16

Palpation. Percussion. Auscutation.

Question 17

7 extra CV tests

Answer 17

Auscullation in alternative positions for mitral stenosis or aortic regurgitation. Juggular venous pressure. Additional peripheral pulses. Allen’s test. Buerger’s test. Homan’s sign.

Question 18

6 steps of abdominal examination

Answer 18

Observation, Auscultation, Percussion, Palpation, Abdominal reflexes (in neuro exam).

Question 19

6 stages of abdominal palpation

Answer 19

Light. Deep. Liver. Spleen, Kidneys. Aorta.

Question 20

5 special signs for abdominal examination

Answer 20

Rebound tenderness. Costovertebral angle tenderness. McBurney’s sign. Psoas sign. Murphy’s sign.

Question 21

4 types of orthopaedic tests.

Answer 21

Cervical. Lumbar. Upper limb. Lower limb

Question 22

Cervical screen - 5 tests

Answer 22

General observation and palpation. ROM active and passive: flexion/extension/R & L lat flexion/R & L Rotation. Valsalva’s. Distraction. Compression.

Question 23

7 other cervical tests

Answer 23

Maignes/Dekleyns. Tuning fork. Percussion. Shoulder depression. 4 TOS tests. Kernig’s. Nerve tension tests.

Question 24

4 TOS tests

Answer 24

Roos. Adsons/halsteads. Wrights. Costoclavicular

Question 25

Lumbar screen - 5 tests

Answer 25

General observation. ROM active and passive: flexion/extension/R & L lat flexion/R & L Rotation. Valsalva’s. Kemp’s. SLR.

Question 26

17 Other lumbar and SI tests

Answer 26

Tuning fork (lumbar). Percussion (lumbar). Braggards. Kernig’s sign. Sign of buttock. Goldthwaites. Gaensleins. Gap & Squish. Nachlas. Yeomans. Piriformis test. Segmental instability. Pheasant. Trendelenburg’s. Adams/supported. Gillets. Stork standing.

Question 27

Upper limb - shoulder - 15 tests

Answer 27

Observation. ROM. Dawbarns sign. Apley scratch. Drop arm. Empty can. Lift off Speed’s. Yergason’s.Hawkins- Kennedy. Neer impingement. Dugas’. Anterior apprehension. Anterior drawer for shoulder. Posterior apprehension. Posterior drawer for shoulder.

Question 28

Upper limb - elbow and arm - 8 tests

Answer 28

ROM. Valgus and varus elbow instability. Lateral epicondylitis (tennis elbow). Medial epicondylitis. Wartenburg’s. Elbow flexion. Pinch grip. Pronator teres syndrome.

Question 29

Upper limb - wrist - 8 tests

Answer 29

ROM. Observation. Lunotriquetral ballotment. Watson. Finkelstein’s. Tinel’s. Phalen’s. Allens.

Question 30

Lower limb - hip - 10 tests

Answer 30

Observation. ROM. Anvil test. Patrick Faber. Scouring. Hip telescoping. Thomas. Ely’s. Ober’s.

Question 31

Lower limb - knee - 14 tests

Answer 31

Observation. ROM. Valgus and Varus stress. Lachman. Posterior sag sign. Drawer sign. Slocum. McMurray. Bounce home test. Apley’s.Stroke. Patellar ballotment test. Clarke’s. Wilson’s.

Question 32

Lower limb - ankle and foot - 6 tests.

Answer 32

Observation. Anterior drawer. Posterior drawer. Thompson’s. Morton’s. Tinels sign of the ankle.