Test3 Mesiosis And Sexual Life Cycles

Question 0

Define genes

Answer 0

Are the units of heredity

Question 1

Define genetics

Answer 1

Is this of hereditary and variation

Question 2

Define heredity

Answer 2

Is the transmission of traits from one generation to the next

Question 3

What is life cycle ?

Answer 3

Is the generation- to- generation sequence of stages in the reproduction history of an organism

Question 4

Describe asexual and sexual reproduction, and list the advantages of each

Answer 4

Asexual one parent creates identical offspring- advantages: can produce offspring without partners and in a larger number. - disadvantages: little genetic variation.

Sexual two parents combine their genes can produce offsprings-advantages: increase genetic variation- disadvantages: offsprings only have half of each parent’s genes. One offspring can’t have other offsprings on his own

Question 5

What are diploid an haploid numbers and what do these mean?

Answer 5

Haploid number is 23, which corresponds to the number of chromosome in humans. Diploid number is 46, and shows that 23 chromosomes are from the mother and 23 are from the father.

Question 6

What are homologous chromosomes?

Answer 6

Chromosomes of the same type, one from the mother and 1 from the father.

Question 7

What are gametes and are they diploid or haploid?

Answer 7

Gametes are sex cell and are haploid

Question 8

What are the differences between autosomes and sex chromosomes ?

Answer 8

Sex cells differ between males XY and females XX, all other chromosomes are the same between sexes

Question 9

What is karyotype ?

Answer 9

A picture of all of a person’s chromosome arrange by number

Question 10

What is the purpose of meiosis ?

Answer 10

To make gametes with haploid number of chromosomes. When it combines to another gamete

Question 11

What is meant by reductional division and equational division?

Answer 11

Reproductional division reduces the number of chromosomes ( diploid and haploid ) by departing homologous chromosomes and occurs in meiosis 1. Equational division is the division of the sister chromatids during meiosis 2 and doesn’t result in a loss of chromosomes number just in the separation of the replicated chromosomes.

Question 12

What is crossing over, and when does it occur ?

Answer 12

When homologous chromosomes swap pieces. It occurs in prophase.

Question 13

Describe the laws of segregation and independent assortment in the context of how they act in meiosis

Answer 13

Segregation entails the separation of homologous chromosome into separate gametes, independent assortment is the fact that individual chromosomes assort randomly into different gametes, regardless of where other chromosomes go.

Question 14

In meiosis when the first haploid cells appear?

Answer 14

At the very end of meiosis1, during cytokinesis, when each cell is first haploid