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Biology Test #3 > Test 3 cell division and mitosis > Flashcards

Test 3 cell division and mitosis Flashcards

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1
Q

Mitosis is the division of the DNA in the nucleus into 2 nuclei; cell division is when one cell divides into 2

A

What is the difference between mitosis and cell division?

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2
Q

What is the difference between mitosis and cell division?

A

Mitosis is the division of the DNA in the nucleus into 2 nuclei; cell division is when one cell divides into 2

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2
Q

Cellular organelles that organize the microtubules into the mitotic spindle.

A

What is a centrosome ?

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3
Q

What is metastasis and why is it bad?

A

Little pieces of malignant cancer breaks off and enter the bloodstream. This is bad because as means to reach other parts of the of the body.

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5
Q

Benign tumor don’t grow fast and don’t spread. Malignant tumors fast, invade new tissues types, can spread through the body.

A

What are the difference between benign and malignant tumors?

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6
Q

What are the 5 phases of mitosis and what happens in each?

A

-Prophase: DNA condenses, centrosome move to opposite ends,mitotic spindle forms -Prometaphase: nuclear envelop disappears, kinetochores form, spindle microtubules attach to kinetochores -Metaphase: chromosomes line up at phase plates - Anaphase: sister chromatids attach and start moving towards opposite ends -Telophase: the nuclear membrane reappears, the kinetochores disappear,the spindle disintegrates

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7
Q

Explain cell theory

A

-New cells are formed from pre-existing cells - the cell is a fundamental unit of structure, function and organization in all living organism.

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8
Q

What are the difference between binary fission and mitosis?

A

Mitosis is the division of the DNA in eukaryotes. Because prokaryotes don’t have a nucleus, in these organism it is called binary fission

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8
Q

Made of microtubules and it attaches the sister chromatids to the cell plasma membrane

A

What is the mitotic spindle made of and what does it do?

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9
Q

What is cancer ?

A

Cancer is an uncontrolled cell growth. Cells skip the cell control cycle, and either make their own growth factors or don’t need them

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10
Q

What is a centromere?

A

A region of the chromosome containing special DNA sections and proteins, which is the site where two sister chromatids are connected

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12
Q

At certain points during the cell cycle, the cell has to receive certain signals to proceed. These are called checkpoints. For most cells, the checkpoints at G1 is the most important. If the cell receives no signal to proceed at this checkpoint, it will enter a resistant phase called G0

A

Explain the cell cycle control system

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13
Q

What is the genome?

A

The organism total DNA content

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14
Q

Mitosis is the division of the DNA in eukaryotes. Because prokaryotes don’t have a nucleus, in these organism it is called binary fission

A

What are the difference between binary fission and mitosis?

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14
Q

Cancer is an uncontrolled cell growth. Cells skip the cell control cycle, and either make their own growth factors or don’t need them

A

What is cancer ?

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15
Q

A region of the chromosome containing special DNA sections and proteins, which is the site where two sister chromatids are connected

A

What is a centromere?

15
Q

-It’s a protein structure located at the centrosome and serves as the attachment point for the kinectochore microtubules -centrosome are actually part of the centrosome and are made of DNA

A

What is kinectochore and how is it different from centrosomes?

16
Q

The organism total DNA content

A

What is the genome?

18
Q

What are the phases of the cell cycle?

A

Mitosis and interphase, mitosis is subdivide into G1,G2 and S phases

18
Q

The division of the cytoplasm after mitosis

A

What is cytokinesis ?

19
Q

What is transformation?

A

When non-cancerous cell become cancerous

20
Q

Mitosis and interphase, mitosis is subdivide into G1,G2 and S phases

A

What are the phases of the cell cycle?

21
Q

What is cytokinesis ?

A

The division of the cytoplasm after mitosis

22
Q

-New cells are formed from pre-existing cells - the cell is a fundamental unit of structure, function and organization in all living organism.

A

Explain cell theory

24
Q

Explain the cell cycle control system

A

At certain points during the cell cycle, the cell has to receive certain signals to proceed. These are called checkpoints. For most cells, the checkpoints at G1 is the most important. If the cell receives no signal to proceed at this checkpoint, it will enter a resistant phase called G0

25
Q

Little pieces of malignant cancer breaks off and enter the bloodstream. This is bad because as means to reach other parts of the of the body.

A

What is metastasis and why is it bad?

26
Q

What is cytokinesis and how does it differ from plants and animals?

A

The cytoplasm in organism divide into 2 cells. In plants the cell divide due to cell plate forming between them. The cell plate is made of cell wall material. In animals microfibers around the equator of the cell contract forming a cleavage furrow which divides the cell in 2, much like the closing of a drawstring

27
Q

The cytoplasm in organism divide into 2 cells. In plants the cell divide due to cell plate forming between them. The cell plate is made of cell wall material. In animals microfibers around the equator of the cell contract forming a cleavage furrow which divides the cell in 2, much like the closing of a drawstring

A

What is cytokinesis and how does it differ from plants and animals?

27
Q

When non-cancerous cell become cancerous

A

What is transformation?

29
Q

What is the mitotic spindle made of and what does it do?

A

Made of microtubules and it attaches the sister chromatids to the cell plasma membrane

30
Q

What is kinectochore and how is it different from centrosomes?

A

-It’s a protein structure located at the centrosome and serves as the attachment point for the kinectochore microtubules -centrosome are actually part of the centrosome and are made of DNA

32
Q

What is a centrosome ?

A

Cellular organelles that organize the microtubules into the mitotic spindle.

33
Q

What are the difference between benign and malignant tumors?

A

Benign tumor don’t grow fast and don’t spread. Malignant tumors fast, invade new tissues types, can spread through the body.

34
Q

-Prophase: DNA condenses, centrosome move to opposite ends,mitotic spindle forms -Prometaphase: nuclear envelop disappears, kinetochores form, spindle microtubules attach to kinetochores -Metaphase: chromosomes line up at phase plates - Anaphase: sister chromatids attach and start moving towards opposite ends -Telophase: the nuclear membrane reappears, the kinetochores disappear,the spindle disintegrates

A

What are the 5 phases of mitosis and what happens in each?

Biology Test #3 (6 decks)

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