DNA Translation

Question 0

What is RNA ?

Answer 0

Ribonucleic acid, it is used as messenger for the information on DNA

Question 1

Process by which DNA directs protein expression ?

Answer 1

Gene expression

• transcription
• translation

Question 2

What’s translations?

Answer 2

Information on the mRNA is used to join amino acid and build polypeptides

Question 3

What is transcription?

Answer 3

The info of DNA is copied into mRNA

Question 4

What is the central dogma?

Answer 4

A gene codes for one protein

Question 5

One gene, one protein concept??

Answer 5

One gene only has the information to build one protein

Question 6

Gene expression difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

Answer 6

In prokaryotes translation and transcription happened at the same time.
In eukaryotes the process are separated by nuclear membrane

Question 7

How many amino acids are essential for human life ?

Answer 7

20

Question 8

How many nucleotide bases are there ?

Answer 8

4 in DNA ( A C T G) and 4 RNA ( A C U G)

Question 9

How many nucleotide bases code for one amino acid ?

Answer 9

3.

Because there are 4 bases and 20 amino acids there must be at least 3 code for each amino acid

Question 10

Codon?

Answer 10

3 base pair

Question 11

Stop codon?

Answer 11

Signals the end of a gene

Question 12

What codon starts transcription?

Answer 12

AUG methionine

Question 13

Redundant

Answer 13

More than one codon code for one amino acid

Question 14

Reading frame ?

Answer 14

Each codon has an specific start and end. But the letters of words are continuos. The reading frame uses the same start each time.

Question 15

Which direction are codons read ?

Answer 15

5 to 3

Question 16

Why only one strand is use for translation?

Answer 16

The other has opposite information

Question 17

Is the genetic code universal ?

Answer 17

We can insert the genes from one organism into the other and still code for the working protein

Question 18

What are the 3 stages of transcription

Answer 18

Initiation, elongation, termination

Question 19

What is the stretch of DNA that is transcribed ?

Answer 19

Transcript unit

Question 20

Difference between DNA and RNA ?

Answer 20

RNA is a single strand, RNA has uracil instead of thymine

Question 21

What are 3 cap and poly a tails

Answer 21

Extra nucleotides that aid the RNA to get out of the nucleus

Question 22

What is postranslation modification ?

Answer 22

Removing any parts of the transcribed mRNA that aren’t need

Question 23

Introns and exons?

Answer 23

• Introns: part of mRNA that aren’t useful

* exons: genes that are express or to make protein