TEST REVIEW- UNIT 1- chapter 5 & 8 Flashcards
What is a monomer?
Single/individual unit
What is a polymer?
Long chain of repeating (monomers) units
What do enzymes end with?
-ase
What are the polymers of carbohydrates?
Starch, glycogen, Cellulose, amylose, chitin
What are polymers of lipids?
Lipids dont have polymers
What is the protein monomer?
Amino acids
What is different about amino acids?
They have different R groups
Monomer of lipids
Glycerol, fatty acid, steroids
Functions of protein are:
Structure
Function
Defense
Hormonal
Transport
Coordination
What bonds hold proteins together?
A peptide bond
What is the polymer of proteins
polypeptide
What is the polymer of nucleic acids?
Polynucleotide
/What are the steps of tertiary structure of protein conformation?
Primary
Secondary
Tertiary
Quatenary
What is primary structure of protein conformation?
Are the linear sequence of amino acids
Structure is determined by amino acid sequence
— constructed by peptide bonds
What stage of protein confirmation cannot be further broken down?
— the stage where nothing can be further broken down is the primary structure. Cannot break down he covalent bonds
Explain secondary structure/step of protein confirmation
Results from hydrogen bonding along polypeptide backbone
—this hydrogen bonding results in alpha (HELIX) and beta (PLEATED) sheets.
Sickle cell anemia results from a mutation that replaces glutamic acid residue with which of the following?
Arraigning
Asparagine
Lysine
Glutamine
Aspartic Acid
Lysine
Explanation- single amino acid substitution from glutamic acid to lysine is responsible for sickle cell anemia.
What is sickle cell anemia?
Mutation that occurs in gene that codes for hemoglobin and causes misfolding that results into lower oxygen affinity. Crescent shape
The __________ structure of protein corresponds to linear order of amino acids in given polypeptide chain.
Primary
When protein is transferred to a solution with a pH lower than its optimal range, which of the levels of protein structure is/can be affected?
Secondary, tertiary, quaternary.
What is the most important stage of protein confirmation?
Primary
The formation of peptide bond is example of what type of reaction?
DEHYDRATION SYNTHESIS
Condensation reaction
— when two amino acids come together, a water molecule is let go
Which level of protein structure is affected by sickle cell anemia?
Primary
Explains the tertiary structure of protein confirmation…
Stage where the
OVERALL 3-D STRUCTURE OF POLYPEPTIDE IS FORMED. This is due to interactions between R groups of amino acids that make up proteins