TEST REVIEW- Chapter 1, 2, 3, 4- Unit 1 Flashcards
What are the characteristics of life? All living things:
- made of cells
- Reproduce
- use energy
- respond to environment/stimulus
- populations evolve and adapt
- maintain homeostasis
- contain heredity (DNA)- inheritance of Genes
- growth and development
What are the levels of biological organization? Smallest to largest:
- Molecule
- organelles
- cell
- tissues
- Organ
- Organisms
- Population
- Communities
- Ecosystem
- Biosphere
What is a molecule?
chemical structure made up of atoms
What is an organelle
the functional stuff in the cell
What are tissues?
Group of cells
What is an organ?
Body part made up of tissues with a specific function
What is an organ system?
Organs working together
What are organisms?
Individual living things
What is a population?
all individual species living in a specific area
Wat is a community?
Organisms inhabiting an ecosystem?
What is an ecosystem?
All living and nonliving things in an area
What are emergent properties?
Properties that are introduced when going up the hierarchy of life. As complexity increases, there is more interaction.
What is the role of systems biology?
scientists model behavior of biological systems by studying interactions
What is common in all organisms in the world?
the structure and function of DNA
all life has same genetic code but different nucleotide sequence
What is the a controlled group?
A group matched with experimental group.
- tests experimental and control groups in parallel.
How do producers produce energy? Give an example.
- convert energy from sunlight to chemical energy
- Main source of energy for producers is light energy
- a plant gets energy from light and performs photosynthesis
How do organisms interact with environment?
BY exchanging matter.
Plants chloroplast converts energy of sunlight into potential energy.
What is evolution?
Concept that the organisms living have a common ancestor
What are the domains of life?
1) bacteria
2) archea
3) eukarya
What is descent with modification?
traits are passed down from generation to generation and sometimes undergo changes or modifications over time.
Explain Natural selection…
- Phenomena created by Charles Darwin
- Evolutionary process
- at random, organisms with favorite traits will live long enough to reproduce.
What are the two types of cells? Define them, give 1 example
Prokaryotic - - single celled organism, - doesn't have a nucleus and other organelles, - doesn't have membranes (bound organelles). - EX: Bacteria Eukaryotic- - multicellular organisms - contain nucleus - contain membrane-bound organelles - EX: Animalia, Fungi, Plantae
What is the independent variable? Where is it located on a graph?
y-axis
- variable that is changed
- EX: amount of water in diff pots, drops of acid in a solution
What is the dependent variable? Where is it located on a graph?
- the change that happens from testing different things (change that happens from independent variable)
- x-axis
- EX: how much a plant grows, the change in pH