Test On Chapter 4 (includes Quiz 3) Flashcards
The amount of force a muscle can produce with a single maximum effort
Muscular strength
The ability of a muscle or a group of muscles to remain contracted or to contract repeatedly
Muscular endurance
Order muscle parts from biggest to smallest
Muscles, fascicles, muscle fiber, myofibril
Myofibrils are…
Protein strands
Strength training increases the size of muscle fibers by increasing the number of myofibrils
Hypertrophy
Inactivity results in the loss of myofibrils (they dissolve)
Atrophy
What are the 3 attributes of slow twitch muscles?
- Fatigue resistant
- Not as powerful, rapid, or forceful as fast twitch
- Relies on oxidative energy system
What are the 3 attributes of fast twitch muscles?
- Contract rapidly
- Fatigue quickly
- Relies on nonoxidative energy system
By the age of 75, how many men and women can’t lift ten pounds?
30% men
75% women
How is muscular strength assessed?
Determining one repetition max
1RM
This is assessed by counting the maximum # of repetitions of a particular muscle contraction (continuously)
Muscular endurance
What are the two types of strength training exercises?
Static and dynamic
A muscle contraction without a change in the length of the muscle
Static exercise
A muscle contraction with a change in the length of the muscle
Dynamic exercise
What are the two types of dynamic exercises
Concentric and eccentric
Muscle applies force as it SHORTENS
Concentric contractions
Muscle applies force as it LENGHTENS
Eccentric contractions
How frequent should you exercise?
2-3 days a week for specific muscle training
How long should you allow for rest in between exercise?
48 hours (one full day)
What are the 2 steps to building strength?
- Lift heavy weights (80-90% of 1RM)
2. Perform a low number of reps
What are the 2 steps to building endurance?
- Lift light weights (40-60% of 1RM)
2. Perform a high number of reps
To build strength or endurance:
Do enough repetitions to FATIGUE the muscle
What is a muscle in a state of contraction?
Agnost
What is the opposing muscle that must relax and stretch to contraction by the agonist
Antagonist
Bench press
Chest, shoulders, triceps
Chin ups
Lats, biceps
Upright row
Deltoids, traps
Curls
Biceps
Squats
Glutes, quads
Heel raises
Calves
crunches
Abs
Side bridge
Obliques
Mist injuries would be prevented with
Proper technique and form
What are the first 5 side effects to anabolic steroids?
- Liver damage
- Reduced HDL
- worse immune system
- Psychological disturbances
- High blood pressure, heart disease, cancer
What are the last 4 side effects to anabolic steroids?
- Depressed testosterone
- Masculinity in women and children
- Pre mate closure of bone growth plates
- Increased acne