test number 2 on chapters 3 and 4 Flashcards
dendrites
receiving and taking information. They are branching extensions that that collect information from other neurons.
axons
passes messages away from the cell body to other neurons.
myelin
fatty coating on axons. more myelin you have makes you react quicker. you see and think better.
synaptic blooming
period of rapid neural growth
synaptic pruning
neural connections reduced. strengthening connections that have already been made.
plasticity
the brains ability to change both physically and chemically to enhance its adaptability to environmental change and compensate for injury.
frontal lobe
cognitive (thinking) funtioning
parietal lobe
ability to process sensation
occipital lobe
center for vision
temporal lobes
ability to hear
co sleeping
sleeping with your baby side by side.
sids
the death of a healthy infant suddenly and unexpectedly.
fine motor skills
fingers, toes, and eyes, and coordination of small actions like grasping toys, pencils and spoons.
gross motor skills
larger movements like controlling the head, running, and jumping
palmer grasp
grasping using palm and fingers- no thumb
pincer
using forefinger and thumbs (using a pencil)
vision
most poorly developed at birth.
hearing
good at birth. prefer mothers voices. recognize familiar sounds.
touch and pain
highly sensitive to pain, touch, and temperature.
taste and smell
babies can distinguish between flavors and prefer sweet flavors. they like the smell of their mothers.
breastfeeding benefits
digest better, immune system stronger, less gastro problems
breastfeeding challenges
cultural attitudes, inability to produce milk, working
sensorimotor
using senses
assimilation
add to your knowledge base
accommodation
no existing knowledge. reconstructing to accommodate new information.
infantile amnesia
inability to recall memories from first few years of life.
object permanence
understanding that even if something is out of site it still exists.
language
system of communication
language milestones
crying, cooing, babling, holophrasic sentences (one word), telegraphic phrases (two words)
easy temperament,
adapt quickly
slow to warm up temperament
adjusts slowly
difficult temperament
trouble adapting
goodness of fit
the fit between the childs temperament and the parents temperament
freuds theory of attachment
infants are oral creatures. infants get pleasure sucking on things and gets attached what satisfies their needs.
harlows theory of attachment
social and physical needs.
ericksons theory of attachment
satisfy need for trust building
