Test for Ions

Question 1

Test for Sulphate

Answer 1

Hydrochloric acid + Barium Chloride -> White precipitate (Barium Sulphate)

Question 2

Test for Carbonate

Answer 2

Add HCl, CO2 releases if present, test CO2 with limewater, cloudy colour = present

Question 3

Test for Ammonia

Answer 3

Damp Red litmus paper (damp so it can dissolve) turns blue because NH3 is alkaline

Question 4

Test for Ammonium

Answer 4

Add hydroxide ions and gently heat (e.g by adding NaOH solution), the reaction releases ammonia gas and water

Question 5

Test for Hydroxides

Answer 5

Use PH indicator such as red litmus paper that will turn blue

Question 6

Test for Halides

Answer 6

Add Silver Nitrate solution, Cl-White, Br-Cream, Iodine-Yellow precipitate. The Precipitate formed is AgX with X being the halogen.