Test Cell Differentiation And Specialisation Flashcards
What is cell differentiation
When a cell changes to become specialised for it job
They develop different subcellular structures
When does cell differentiation happen
Most occurs as the organism develops
Animal cell the ablity to differentiate is lost at an early stage
Plant cell can differentiate all there life
What are the cells that differentiate in mature animals used for
Repairing and replacing cell eg skin or blood cells
Examples of specialised cells
Sperm cells , nerve cells , muscle , root hair and phloem and xylem
Function of sperm cell
Reproduction- getting male dna to the female dna
How is sperm cell adapted for use
Long tail And Stream line head to help it swim
Lots of mitochondria for energy
Carry’s enzymes in it head to digest through the egg cell membrane
Nucleus contains genetic information
Function of nerve cell
To carry electrical signals from one part of the body to another
How is the nerve cell adapted for use
Cells are long to cover move distance
Cells have branched contains and the ends to contain to other nerve cells to form a network throughout the body
Function of muscle cell
To contract quickly
How is the muscle cell adapted for use
Cells are long so they are space to contract
Lots of mitochondria for energy
Function of root hair cells
Absorbing water and minerals
How are root hairs adapted for use
They have a large surface area for absorption of water and mineral irons from the soil
Function of phloem and xylem cells
Transporting substances such as food and water around plants
How are phloem a and xylem adapted for use
There long nd join end to end forming tubes
Xylem cells- hollow in the centre
Phloem cells - very few subcellular structures so stuff can flow through them easily
