Test 9 Flashcards
What is sound heard distinctly after being reflected from an object?
echo
What is a violent compression pulse caused by an object moving faster than the speed of sound?
shock wave
When two notes interfere in a disagreeable way, then result is?
dissonance
What is the rate of doing work?
power
A lens that is curved outward, causing light rays to converge and objects to appear magnified, is a ? lens.
convex
A change in sound frequency caused by an object’s motion is the ? effect.
Doppler
A measure of how well a machine converts input work into output work is the machine’s?
efficiency
The multiplication of force by a machine under ideal conditions is the ?
IMA
What is a series of organized sound waves with specific pitches that have been deliberately arranged?
music
Which of the following is not a color of the visible spectrum?
magenta
The subtractive primary colors of pigment are?
cyan, magenta, and yellow
What is the SI unit of force?
newton
What unit is used to measure sound intensity in a way that reflects how our ears perceive sound?
decibel
The technique of transmitting light through narrow glass cables, such as for communications, is?
fiber optics
What is the vector representing the change in an object’s position?
displacement
What is the process by which colors are produced by interference of reflected light, often seen in soap bubbles and thin films?
iridescence
A vector showing the combined effect of two or more vectors is a ?
resultant
What is the average speed of a person who walks 28 km in 7.0 hr?
4.0 km/hr
Who demonstrated that light consists of electromagnetic waves?
James Clerk Maxwell
A beam of light containing waves that all vibrate in the same direction is?
polarized
The angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection
law of reflection
For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction
3rd law of motion
When the overall external force acting on a system is zero, the momentum of the whole system remains constant
law of conservation of momentum
Any two objects attract each other with a force that depends on their masses and the distance between them.
law of universal gravitation
Force is directly proportional to mass and acceleration
2nd law of motion
The velocity of an object does not change unless the object is acted upon by an external force.
1st law of motion
What device uses reflected electromagnetic waves to measure the distance and direction of faraway objects?
radar
Name the scientist who predicted stimulated emission and formulated the theory of relativity.
Albert Einstein
On what does the energy of a photon depend?
frequency
What behavior of light causes the scintillation of stars?
refraction
What property of an object equals the product of the object’s mass and velocity
momentum
What term refers to any change in speed, direction, or both?
acceleration
What simple device uses diffraction to produce a better spectrum than a prism can produce?
diffraction grating
What is a three-dimensional image produced by laser light?
hologram
A lever that has the input force between the fulcrum and output force is a class ? lever.
3
Sound waves are a type of ? wave.
longitudinal
Which of the following is not an effect predicted by the special theory of relativity?
volume expansion
Light that consists of only one frequency is?
monochromatic
The frequency relationships between the fundamental and overtones are described by the ? series.
harmonic
What type of friction keeps a stationary object from moving?
static
Which of the following is not a property of laser light?
polarized
What is a “center-seeking” force that causes an object to travel in a curved path rather than in a straight line?
centripetal force
A physical quantity that has both magnitude and direction is a ? quantity.
vector
How much work is done in lifting a 60 N box 2.0 m?
120 J
What type of machine is a combination of fixed and movable pulleys?
block and tackle
The type of ultraviolet radiation that causes suntans and sunburns is?
UVB
Which group of instruments includes the clarinet?
woodwinds
In what phenomenon does light knock electrons loose from the atoms of certain metals?
photoelectric effect
What is the mutual reinforcement or cancellation that occurs when two or more waves meet?
interference
What is the maximum distance that particles are displaced by a wave?
amplitude
Find the speed of a wave that has a wavelength of 1.5 m and a frequency of 4.0 Hz.
6.0 m/s
The process that occurs when an excited atom is struck by one photon and emits two photons is?
stimulated emission
Sound with frequency above the range of human hearing is ? sound
ultrasonic
What is the spread-out part of a longitudinal wave?
rarefaction pulse
The speed of light is constant in a vacuum.
true
The spreading out of a wave after it passes through a narrow opening is refraction.
diffraction
The strength of a sound wave is its intensity
true
The theory based on the ideas that all motion is relative to some reference point and that the speed of light is constant in relation to any observer is the general theory of relativity.
special
The resistance arising to an object’s motion through a fluid or across a surface is momentum.
friction
An arrangement of all forms of electromagnetic radiation in order of frequency and wavelength is the electromagnetic spectrum.
true
Constructive interference of light in slit diffraction produces a light fringe called a node.
antinode
The branches of physics developed since 1900 are called classical physics.
modern
A combination of all the colors of light mixed together is perceived as white.
true
Low-frequency waves widely used for communication
radio waves
High-frequency electromagnetic waves used in medicine, dentistry, and airport security to “see” inside solid objects.
xrays
The most powerful and penetrating form of electromagnetic radiation.
gamma rays
Electromagnetic waves sometimes referred to as “heat rays”.
infrared waves
The illusion of water covering a hot highway in the distance is an example of a(n)?
mirage
The idea that gravity is an effect of the geometry of space is part of the ? theory of relativity.
general
The fastest possible speed in the universe is the speed of ? in a vacuum.
light
A visible spectrum in the sky produced by falling raindrops is a(n)?
rainbow
Light consists of electromagnetic waves traveling as tiny bundles or packets of energy called?
photons
The change in a wave’s direction when passing from one medium into another is?
refraction
The effect of frequency on the way our ears perceives sounds is?
pitch
The theory stating that light has characteristics of both particles and waves is the ? theory of light.
quantum
