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Katie Science Tests > Test 2 > Flashcards

Test 2 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

The scientist who proposed that air has weight and therefore exerts pressure was?

A

Torricelli

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2
Q

A device used to measure altitude is a(n)

A

altimeter

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3
Q

The attractive force between unlike molecules is?

A

adhesion

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4
Q

The phenomenon in which liquids in thin tubes rise above or fall beneath their levels is?

A

capillarity

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5
Q

The maximum amount of permanent change a solid may be subjected to without breaking is its?

A

plasticity

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6
Q

The ability of a solid to recover its original shape after it is deformed is?

A

elasticity

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7
Q

A combination of stretching and compression is?

A

bending

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8
Q

The theory that says that all molecules of matter are in constant motion and that molecules move faster at warmer temperatures is the ? theory of matter.

A

kinetic

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9
Q

The basis for the scientific understanding of all matter is the ? theory of matter.

A

atomic

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10
Q

Solids whose molecules or atoms are arranged in an ordered pattern are?

A

crystalline

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11
Q

The process of mixing molecules of one substance with another substance by random molecular motion is?

A

diffusion

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12
Q

The random motion of microscopic solid particles in a fluid is?

A

Brownian motion

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13
Q

The SI unit of pressure is the?

A

pascal

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14
Q

The small piston of a hydraulic press has an area of 2.0 cm2 and the large piston has an area of 16 cm2. If the small piston has a force of 4.0 N applied to it, the output force of the large piston is?

A

32 N

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15
Q

Thin solids that allow certain substances to diffuse through them are said to be?

A

semipermeable

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16
Q

The principle demonstrated by a hydraulic press is?

A

Pascal’s principle

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17
Q

The tendency of a solid object to float when placed in a fluid is?

A

buoyancy

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18
Q

Airfoil-like structures designed for use in water are?

A

hydrofoil

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19
Q

The property that describes how strongly a material opposes deformation is?

A

rigidity

20
Q

The type of deformation caused by twisting is?

A

torsion

21
Q

Lateral pressure exerted by a moving fluid decreases as the fluid’s speed increases

A

Bernoulli’s principle

22
Q

Buoyant force experienced by an object is exactly equal to the weight of the fluid displaced.

A

Archimedes’ pinciple

23
Q

Amount of deformation is proportional to the amount of stretching force

A

Hooke’s law

24
Q

Applied pressure inside a closed container is equally distributed

A

Pascal’s principle

25
Q

At a constant volume, temperature and pressure of a gas are directly proportional

A

Amontons’s law

26
Q

At a constant pressure, volume and temperature of a gas are directly proportional

A

Charles’s law

27
Q

One-way diffusion through a semipermeable membrane is osmosis.

A

true

28
Q

Molecules of a gas are able to move quickly but remain close to each other

A

liquid

29
Q

The ability of a gas to be easily squeezed and compacted into smaller containers is its density

A

compressibility

30
Q

A simple device used to move a liquid over an obstacle without pumps is a siphon

A

true

31
Q

Solids that have molecules or atoms randomly arranged are crystalline solids

A

amorphous

32
Q

The hardness scale that measures how easily a material can be scratched is the Mohs scale

A

true

33
Q

What type of vessel can change its buoyancy to float on the water’s surface or maneuver beneath the surface?

A

submarine

34
Q

What are the extremely small particles that make up matter?

A

atoms

35
Q

What is the science of shaping objects to allow the smooth flow of fluids around them?

A

streamlining

36
Q

What is the curved structure that forms because the adhesion of water to glass is stronger than the cohesion between water molecules?

A

meniscus

37
Q

At what point is a submarine completely underwater but not sinking?

A

neutral buoyancy

38
Q

Increases wing area to produce more lift

A

flap

39
Q

Structure that tilts the airplane from side to side

A

aileron

40
Q

Downward force of gravity on an airplane

A

weight

41
Q

Force that tends to slow an object moving through a fluid

A

drag

42
Q

An airplane’s angle left and right

A

yaw

43
Q

controls pitch

A

elevator

44
Q

For a certain spring, the spring constant is 500.0 N/m. Use Hooke’s law to determine the force required to stretch the spring a distance of 0.030 m.

A

Use F = kx
k = constant
x = distance

45
Q

The original volume and pressure of a gas sample were 8.0 L and 125 kPa. If the pressure is increased to 200.0 kPa while the temperature is kept constant, what is the new volume of the gas in the container?

A

Use V2 = P1V1/P2
P1 = 1st kPa
V1 = L
P2 = increased kPa

46
Q

A book with an area of 0.0800 m2 and a weight of 1.00 N is lying on a table. Find the pressure on the surface of the table caused by the weight of the book.

A

Use P = F/A
F = weight
A = area

Katie Science Tests (11 decks)

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